Patient single surface system

ABSTRACT

This invention is directed towards a patient single surface system, PS3, which is a next generation system solution for patient accommodation, diagnosis, treatment, transfer and transport. PS3 provides a single surface for the patient to remain on from the trauma site through diagnosis, treatment and convalescence. Needs addressed by the PS3 system include improved patient treatment through reduction in time to treatment, reduced or eliminated unnecessary patient movement and injury, as well as improved comfort throughout treatment and convalescence. In addition, the PS3 system solves significant economic considerations.

REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

In accordance with 37 C.F.R. 1.76, a claim of priority is included in anApplication Data Sheet filed concurrently herewith. Accordingly, under35 U.S.C. §119(e), 120, 121, and/or 365(c) the present invention claimspriority, as a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No.13/242,568, filed Sep. 23, 2011, which is a continuation of U.S. patentapplication Ser. No. 12/845,439, filed Jul. 28, 2010, now U.S. Pat. No.8,046,851, issued Nov. 1, 2011, which is a continuation of U.S. patentapplication Ser. No. 12/330,982, filed Dec. 9, 2008, now U.S. Pat. No.7,784,121, issued Aug. 31, 2010, which is a continuation of U.S. patentapplication Ser. No. 11/566,040, filed Dec. 1, 2006, now U.S. Pat. No.7,490,377, issued Feb. 17, 2009, which claims priority of U.S.Provisional Patent Application No. 60/742,222, filed on Dec. 5, 2005,and entitled “Patient Single Surface System”, the contents of each ofwhich are herein incorporated by reference in their entirety.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

This invention generally relates to a single surface system for patientaccommodation, diagnosis, treatment and transfer. The inventionparticularly relates to a contoured thin single surface platform or bedsurface and a unique single surface platform to cantilever frameinterface which functions in concert with unique, auxiliary componentsand systems designed to interface with the single surface platformpatient accommodation, diagnosis, treatment and transfer systems, forenabling the patient to remain on a single surface from the trauma sitethrough, diagnosis, treatment and convalescence, while simultaneouslyadapting and accommodating auxiliary features and modules.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Patients in a medical care facility often require movement from onelocation to another within the facility. This frequent movement is oftennecessitated by the layout or configuration of the facility. A typicalmedical care facility is organized into several specialty centers. Thesecenters may include, for example, an emergency room, the patient's room,a radiology center, operating rooms and a recovery center. Each of thesecenters typically has a bed (single surface platform) or procedure areaonto which the patient must be transferred upon their arrival into thecenter. For example, if a patient is brought into the emergency roomthey usually arrive in an ambulance. Upon arrival the patient must betransferred from the ambulance gurney to a bed in the emergency room. Ifthe physician in the emergency room requires an x-ray for his diagnosis,the patient must be transferred from the bed in the emergency room ontoa transport gurney. The gurney is then transported to the radiologycenter and the patient is placed onto the x-ray table. After the x-rayprocedure is complete, the patient is transferred onto another gurneyand transported back to the emergency room where the patient is thentransferred back into a bed. Thus, prior to being admitted into themedical care facility, the patient has already required five transferevents (from the ambulance gurney to the emergency room bed, from thebed onto a gurney, from the gurney to the x-ray table, from the x-raytable back to a gurney, and from the gurney back to bed) and threetransport events (from the ambulance to the emergency room bed, from thebed to the radiology center and from the radiology center back to theemergency room bed). If the patient is then admitted into the medicalcare facility there are two more transfer events and another transportevent.

Patient transfer is typically performed when transferring the patientfrom a bed to a transport device such as a gurney. Often times thepatient is not conscious or cannot physically assist in the transfer andso the hospital personnel must perform the transfer. The current patienttransfer method with a bed sheet or thin plastic sheet requires betweenfour and six personnel for incapacitated patients depending on patientsize and personnel available. Current transfer methods are entirely amanual process, which requires significant lifting, pushing and pullingonto a transferring device (e.g. a roller-board or a back board),lifting the patient from the bed and placing the patient on a gurney.Patient handling is the leading cause of hospital staff injury. While itis not clear if patient surface transfer is the leading cause, it doesappear to cause approximately 4000 reported incidents of injury/yearaccording to US Bureau of Labor Statistics data, ranging in a directcost of between $28 and $112 Million/year—depending on injury severity.Furthermore, this process can lead to injury to the patient caused byeither improper manipulation or dropping. Since studies show that theaverage weight of the population is increasing, this transfer processwill continue to become more difficult and injury-prone in the future.The disclosed PS3 single surface design allows a single person to easilytransfer a patient, along with the auxiliary equipment for the patient,such as intravenous fluids and medications, which remain connectedthroughout the transfer of the patient.

There is additionally a need to improve patient movement through amedical care facility and reduce the time prior to starting of thetreatment. This is exemplified by the need for reduction in the timerequired to provide treatment for stroke victims once they have arrivedin the hospital. Data has demonstrated that the current manual,multi-person transfer of patients to imaging equipment were a keybottleneck in the diagnosis and treatment of stroke patients. Analysisof the data indicated that 20 to 40 minutes alone could be lost prior tothe start of treatment for a stroke victim due to the standard transferprocedures from bed to radiologic device tables. Furthermore, a needexists to minimize disturbance/movement of patients, especially spinalinjury victims, where the possibility of harming the patient duringtransfer is a very real possibility.

With regard to hospital staff injuries during patient transfers, it iswell documented that immobilized acute care patients currently requiremultiple, injury-prone, manual, multi-person transfers from one surfaceto another throughout the care process from the incoming ambulancegurney to a hospital gurney and within the hospital for triage, imaging,surgery and various testing. This care process can vary from a shortperiod (hours) to a couple of days.

In recognition of these needs to provide improvements in the areas ofefficiency, cost and continuity of patient care, the instant inventorhas provided herein a Patient Single Surface System (PS3) which providesa stable, cantilever frame design to support a resting and supportingsurface (e.g. a bed) which provides a single surface platform on whichthe patient remains at all times, even during transfer from one surfaceto another (i.e. transfer to triage beds, imaging tables, diagnostictables, gurneys, etc.). The PS3 cantilever design and contoured singlesupport surface for transfer requires only a single person, regardlessof patient weight, to position the unit above the surface for transfer,and subsequently lower them mechanically with the cantilever frame.Lifting, pulling, and or pushing of the patient is not required.Further, additional personnel are not required to move the patient, evenfor completely incapacitated patients.

PRIOR ART

Numerous prior art references exist which disclose a variety ofdisparate features generally related to transport mechanisms per se,and/or transport mechanisms compatible with medical equipment such asimaging devices. These references include: (A1) US Patent Pub.2005/0246833, published Nov. 10, 2005 to Barth et al.; (A2) US PatentPub. 2004/0111800, published Jun. 17, 2004 to Bartels et al.; (A3) USPatent Pub. 2003/0101513, published Jun. 5, 2003 to Wong; (A4) US PatentPub. 2002/0042952, published Apr. 18, 2002 to Smeed; (A5) EP Patent 1449 506 A1, published on Aug. 25, 2004 to Medical Iberica, S.A.; (A6)U.S. Pat. No. 6,782,571, issued Aug. 31, 2004 to Josephson et al.; (A7)U.S. Pat. No. 6,640,364, issued Nov. 4, 2003 to Josephson et al.; (A8)U.S. Pat. No. 6,374,438, issued Apr. 23, 2002 to Fox et al.; (A9) U.S.Pat. No. 6,178,575, issued Jan. 30, 2001 to Harada; (A10) U.S. Pat. No.6,098,216, issued Aug. 8, 2000 to Williamson et al.; (A11) U.S. Pat. No.5,475,884, issued Dec. 19, 1995 to Kirmse et al.; (A12) U.S. Pat. No.5,319,817, issued Jun. 14, 1994 to Hay et al.; (A13) U.S. Pat. No.5,285,539, issued Feb. 15, 1994 to Anderson et al.; (A14) U.S. Pat. No.4,939,801, issued Jul. 10, 1990 to Schaal et al.; (A15) U.S. Pat. No.4,658,450, issued Apr. 21, 1987 to Thompson; (A16) U.S. Pat. No.4,019,772, issued Apr. 26, 1977 to Lee; (A17) U.S. Pat. No. 3,815,164,issued Jun. 11, 1974 to Smith; (A18) U.S. Pat. No. 3,304,116, issuedFeb. 14, 1967 to Stryker; and (A19) U.S. Pat. No. 2,905,952, issued Sep.29, 1959 to Reichert et al.

Reference A1 to Barth et al. discloses various embodiments of a patientremoval system for evacuating a patient during an emergency. The patientremoval systems may be used to transport the patient while the patientis on a mattress, or the patient removal systems may be used totransport the patient without the mattress. The patient removal systemspermit caregivers to transport patients out of danger or harm withoutrequiring patient support devices to be transported along with thepatients.

Reference A2 to Bartels et al. discloses a gurney for transporting apatient. The gurney has a chassis with a support component for asupporting board for a patient. The board is fastened to prevent lateralmotion and can be removed to provide medical treatment or to provide anexamination device. The support component allows at least two differentboards to be alternately supported and fastened with a positive fit attheir head ends. The boards are different from one another at their headends on the underside in shape and/or in width.

Reference A3 to Wong discloses a hospital bed adapted for use with anopen geometry imaging system, such as a C-arm imager. The hospital bedincludes a mobile base, a frame, a bed top, and a patient support. Atleast one portion of the bed top and patient support are substantiallyradiotransparent. The radiotransparent portions are capable of axialdisplacement along the lengthwise axis of the bed, thereby allowing theuse of an imager on a patient in the bed without interference from thebase. The axial displacement is preferably indexed to at least onepredetermined stop position. One or more independent lateral sectionscan be selectively moved away from the radiotransparent portion,allowing for a reduction in the overall width of the bed. A patienttransport system is also provided, in which the bed top and attachedpatient support can be used as a portable support, such as a stretcher,and may be secured to the base for subsequent transport and/or imagingwhen appropriate.

Reference A4 to Smeed discloses an invention formed from a platform(100) having a support surface (110), a pair of legs (150, 150)connected to the support surface (110), and footings (152) and securingmechanism (160 or 180) on the legs (150, 150) for attaching theinvention to a litter that preferably satisfies NATO requirements.Preferably, the invention attaches to the poles used to carry a patienton a litter such that the invention provides space for the patient'slegs to pass under if necessary. A further embodiment of the inventionadds at least one accessory clip, which preferably includes at least oneattachment for a piece of medical equipment such as medical monitors,ventilators, and infusion pumps.

Reference A5 to Medical Iberica, S.A. discloses a gurney which has abase platform with two levels joined by an oblique central transitionsegment. The lower segment housing includes a power source and a meansfor raising the mattress, while another articulated means for raisingthe gurney includes on each side a pair of tubes that rise from the twolevels of base platform. The base platform is jointed to curved tubeswhich are joined to the frame of the mattress. The frame alsoincorporates a control for turning the mattress towards its drainagearea.

Reference A6 to Josephson et al. discloses a patient transport systemfor transporting a patient from a magnetic resonance imaging system to asecond imaging system and includes an elongated member and first andsecond coupling mechanisms. The elongated member has an upper surfaceconfigured to support a patient. The first coupling mechanism is coupledto the elongated member and is configured to removably couple theelongated member to the magnetic resonance imaging system. The secondcoupling mechanism is coupled to the elongated member and is configuredto removably couple the elongated member to a second imaging system.

Reference A7 to Josephson et al. discloses a pedestal for use with apatient transport system for multiple imaging systems can include asupport member configured to support a patient or object of interest, anelongated planar member coupled to the support member and configured toremovably couple and slidably engage an elongated cradle member, and adocking assembly coupled to the elongated planar member configured toengage the receipt of and the removal of the elongated cradle membersupportable by the elongated planar member.

Reference A8 to Fox et al. discloses a mobile patient stretcherparticularly adapted for additional use as a pain clinic treatment tabledesigned to accommodate a C-arm of a fluoroscopic or like imagingapparatus. The stretcher litter top or patient support surface isradiolucent and includes selectively removable lateral side railsections so that the litter top can be selectively converted into anhourglass shape without side rails as required for treatment proceduresand/or C-arm access and imaging. Alternatively, with the lateral siderail sections in place, the stretcher includes a full-width patientsupport surface, and also includes a radiolucent fowler back rest,selectively deployable side rails, and a hydraulically or otherwisecontrolled conventional wheeled stretcher base that is adapted to placethe patient support surface in a raised, lowered, Trendelenburg, orreverse Trendelenburg orientation. The stretcher can be used as a fullyfunctional stretcher to transport a patient to and from a procedure areaand a recovery area, provides a comfortable resting place with a fowlerback rest for a patient, and is also usable as a treatment table duringfluoroscopic or other imaging procedures.

Reference A9 to Harada discloses a stretch mounting unit which includesa unit body detachably mounted on a stretcher. A drive device isattached to the unit body for providing an output with a center shaftfor receiving the output of the drive device. A coupling that couplesthe drive device and the center shaft for transmitting the output of thedrive device to the center shaft includes a roller pressed on the centershaft to produce torque. A carrier swingably disposed on the centershaft, a pair of wheels rotatably mounted on the carrier and rotated bythe torque of the roller, and a friction clutch provided rotatably onthe center shaft and associated with the carrier for swinging thecarrier until one of the pair of wheels touches the ground.

Reference A10 to Williamson et al. discloses a convertible patienttransport apparatus including a frame assembly adapted for supporting apatient. A plurality of bent pivot legs are attached to the frameassembly and mounted on respective wheels for rolling movement of thetransport apparatus over a supporting surface. Each of the pivot legsincludes a vertical upper portion, an intermediate portion formed at anangle to the upper portion, and a vertical lower portion formed with theintermediate portion. An actuator pivots the legs between an openposition, wherein the distance between the lower portions of laterallyadjacent legs is increased, and a closed position, wherein the distancebetween the lower portions of laterally adjacent legs is reduced. In theopen position, the width of the transport apparatus is expanded to movethe frame assembly over a bed of the patient. In the closed position,the width of the transport apparatus is narrowed.

Reference A11 to Kirmse et al. discloses a patient support apparatusthat comprises a first support plate which can be transferred from anundercarriage onto a table frame of a medical apparatus. The table frameis provided with a second support plate which receives the first supportplate directly, but enables an examination subject to be directlyreceived on the second support plate without requiring the assembly ofthe first support plate.

Reference A12 to Hay et al. discloses a patient lift apparatus with aU-shaped base that folds to enable convenient reduced width storage ofthe unit when not in use. Accordingly, the U-shaped base of the unit hasa hinge with a vertical axis in each leg of the “U”. These hinges arelocated midway of each of the vertical legs. Typically, these hingesprovide for a pivotal movement of the casters at the ends of each leg ofthe “U” from a caster extended position for patient lifting andtransport to a caster folded position parallel to and spaced apart fromthe base of the “U”. A releasable lock mechanism is provided to each legfor locking the hinge in either the caster extended position or thecaster folded position. The lock includes an outer moving sleeve with aspring biased inner key connected to the spring biased sleeve. The keymoves with the sleeve and fits into and out of paired apertures in thehinge. One aperture of the hinge is for maintaining the hinge in thecaster folded position; the other aperture of the hinge is formaintaining the hinge in the caster extended position. In operation, anattendant moves the sleeve to unlock the hinge. Thereafter, and whilethe rest of the lift apparatus is supported at its respective casters,the outer leg member of the “U” is moved between the caster foldedposition and the caster extended position for patient transport.

Reference A13 to Anderson et al. discloses a flexible bathing fluidpermeable mesh sheet attached to a rectangular frame. A flexible andcollapsible bathing fluid impermeable sheet is attached to the framebelow the mesh sheet and spaced apart therefrom for forming an openfluid receptacle. The mesh sheet is attached to the frame with strapswhich may be adjusted for allowing the patient to be placedsubstantially coplanar with the frame and away from the fluid collectedin the impermeable sheet or lowered toward the impermeable sheet toprovide an immersion bath.

Reference A14 to Schaal et al. discloses an improved patienttransporting and turning gurney for receiving and lifting a patient froma hospital bed, for transporting and depositing the patient on ahospital operating table, and for lifting and turning a patient forsurgery. Preferably, the gurney has a U-shaped base, this base ofsufficiently small dimension to fit under a hospital bed and ofsufficiently large dimension to straddle the sides of a conventionaloperating table pedestal. The gurney further includes an overlyingstretcher support, preferably U-shaped, for supporting a rotatablestretcher frame. A longitudinally extending rotating stretcher frame ismounted for rotation about its longitudinal axis on the stretchersupport. Extending from the U-shaped base to the overlying stretchersupport, there is provided a lifting device for moving the stretchersupport upwardly and downwardly relative to the base. A system ofpatient attachment to the stretcher frame is disclosed in which twotensile supported sheet members can be detachably supported from theframe.

Reference A15 to Thompson discloses a multi-position bed such as is usedin hospitals and for persons who by reason of physical disability of ageare unable to turn or move themselves in bed. As shown in FIG. 4 the bedcomprises a base frame 1 supported on casters and having a pair ofpivoted angled lifting arms 2. One of the pair of lifting arms ispivoted in turn to an interlink pivoted to a pivot bracket 4. The otherlifting arm 2 is pivoted directly to a second pivot. The pivot brackets4 and 5 act as the pivot supports for the center section 6 of a mattressplatform which also comprises two side sections 7. The side sections 7are not hinged directly to the center section but simply haveinterengaging features in the form of side frame registers 11. When thebed is used as a turning bed the interengaging features 11 disengage.The side sections 7 are carried by pairs of links 8 and 9 which join thepivot brackets 4 to the side sections 7 at points underneath the sidesections. These side sections are also connected by side frame pivotarms 13 to an end pivot frame 12, at each end of the bed, the pivotframe 12 being rigidly connected to the center bed section 6. Themovement of the bottom links 8 is restricted, in a downward direction,by bottom link stops 10. The links 8, 9 may be disconnected and the sidesections 7 connected rigidly to the center section 6 so that themattress platform can be caused to tilt bodily in a lateral sense.

Reference A16 to Lee discloses a hospital patient transfer system by atransfer trolley with a wheeled undercarriage. A lift ram is movable upand down with respect to the undercarriage and can also tilt about ahorizontal pivot on the undercarriage. The lift ram supports an upperframe so that it can be raised, lowered or tilted in response to varyingpositions of the ram. The upper frame has parallel end pieces spacedfrom each other by a distance such that a hospital bed, operation tableor trolley can be received between them. The end pieces of the upperframe are provided with lift members which can be raised or lowered withrespect to the end pieces. A flat rectangular patient-supporting elementcan removably be inserted in opposed tracks in the end pieces so that itmay be positioned below a stretcher supported by the lift members whenthey are in a raised position. The lift members can then be lowered toenable the weight of the patient to be taken by the patient supportingelement.

Reference A17 to Smith discloses A patient lifting and transportingvehicle having a U-shaped base frame with four wheels, two telescopictubes extending upward from the base frame, a rectangular upper frameprovided with a removable strong transfer sheet for supporting apatient, said upper frame being fixed on the upper ends of thetelescoping tubes, and operating mechanism comprising a lifting armassembly hinged at its lower end to the base frame and at its upper endto a follower block slidable in one tubular side of the upper frame,said tubular side containing a drive screw engaging the follower blockand crank-operated bevel gears for rotating the drive screw. When theupper frame is in its lowest position the lifting arm assembly lies atan angle of about 45° from the horizontal; as the lifting arm is moved,by the drive screw and follower block, toward a vertical position theupper frame is raised correspondingly to a highest position when the armis vertical. Springs under compression in the telescoping tubescounter-balance part of the weight of the loaded upper frame. Thelocation of the telescoping tubes on one side of the base frame andspaced from its ends enables the upper frame to be moved over a bed oroperating table or into the range of an X-ray machine.

Reference A18 to Stryker discloses a wheeled carriage for supporting apatient and, more particularly, to a type of carriage having avertically adjustable support frame upon which a stretcher can beremovably placed for the purpose of safely supporting and transporting apatient disposed thereon in a horizontal or tilted position.

Reference A19 to Reichert et al. discloses new and useful improvementsin hospital equipment and, more particularly, to a patient stretcheradapted for transporting patients from the hospital bed to a surgicaloperating room, X-ray room, or the like.

Additionally, references are known which relate to devices which areheight-adjustable and/or capable of multiple positioning. Thesereferences include: (B1) U.S. Pat. No. 6,499,163, issued Dec. 31, 2002to Stensby; (B2) FR Patent 2 789 302, published on Aug. 11, 2000 toAntar; (B3) U.S. Pat. No. 5,934,282, issued Aug. 10, 1999 to Young IIIet al.; (B4) U.S. Pat. No. 5,461,740, issued Oct. 31, 1995 to Pearson;(B5) PCT Publication No. WO 94/09738, published May 11, 1994 to BlancoGMBH & Co.; (B6) U.S. Pat. No. 5,187,821, issued Feb. 23, 1993 toNieminen et al; (B7) PCT Publication No. WO 90/03158, published Apr. 5,1990 to Oy AFOR; (B8) PCT Publication No. WO 89/02260, published Mar.23, 1989 to Siegener Feinmechanik GMBH; and (B9) GB Patent Application 2039 731, published Aug. 20, 1980, to Rogers.

Reference B1 to Stensby discloses an apparatus convertible to a chair ortable comprises a support structure; first and second pairs of wheelsrotatably supporting the support structure; and a platform supported bythe support structure. The platform includes a seat support and a backsupport. The platform is positionable between a chair configuration anda table configuration. The first pair of wheels have inboard andoutboard positions. The first pair of wheels are in the inboard positionwhen the platform is in the table configuration. The first pair ofwheels are in the outboard position when the platform is in the chairconfiguration.

Reference B2 to Antar discloses a modular gurney for transportingpatients, the gurney has two or more rigid frame members (1, 2) eachformed of two hollow tube sections connected by a honeycomb panelbetween a double skin (17, 17′). The gurney has a stainless steel plate(6,6′).

Reference B3 to Young III et al. discloses a spine board for use insupporting a patient during emergency medical treatment comprising apair of board joined together by a hinge. The hinge is provided with alatch which allows the board to be rigidly locked in a flat condition soas to provide rigid support for a patient receiving CPR or othertreatment.

Reference B4 to Pearson discloses a multi-positional bed comprised atone end thereof with a pair of pillars. One of the pillars is disposedat or near each side of the bed and at the opposite end a single pillaris disposed substantially on the longitudinal center line of the bed.The bed has a user-supporting frame, and respective mounting devices formounting the frame to each of the pillars. Each mounting device isarranged to move lengthwise with respect to the respective pillarindependently of the movement of the other mounting devices.

Reference B5 to Blanco GMBH & Co. discloses a patient-transport trolleywith a chassis (12) and a support frame (16) designed for a patient tolie on, the support frame (16) being held by a height-adjustable armmounted on the chassis (12). In order to simplify the design, theinvention calls for the trolley to include an arm with an elevatingmechanism (14) with a parallelogram-type action, one end of theelevating mechanism (14) being held in a lower bearing block (28) on thechassis (12) while the other end is held by an upper mounting block (42)on the support frame (16).

Reference B6 to Nieminen et al. discloses a hospital bed comprising abody (4) provided with wheels, a transfer underlay frame (24) for apatient, a lying or resting frame (17), which can be lifted and lowereddown, lifting means (30) for the lying frame, and bearer means (15, 20)for a transfer underlay frame; the bearer means comprise two U-shapedbearer rods (15) disposed side by side and turnable in the body, theupper and the lower arms (15b, 15c) of which are interconnected througharticulated joints (18, 22) by a transverse support (16, 21) so as tosecure a parallel turn of the arms aside. A bearer beam (20) is securedto the upper transverse support (21) and wheels (19) to the lowersupport (16). The invention allows a sideways transfer of a patient on atransfer underlay supported by straps (26, 28) secured to a bearer beam,without changing the direction. Wheels (19) provided in the bearer rods(15) move simultaneously to the same direction which ensures that thebed (2) is properly supported during all stages of the transfer.

Reference B7 to Oy AFOR discloses a treatment table (1) manufactured forthe needs of physical care and rehabilitation in which the height of thetreatment table and the position of the treatment level (20) areadjusted simultaneously by means of a single power device (5). Theadjusting apparatus of the treatment table (1) comprises a power device(5), which is joined in a pivoting manner to the lower frame (2),lifting arms (7, 8), which are joined in a pivoting manner by theirlower end to the lower frame (2) and the power device (5) and by theirupper end to be upper frame (6) by means of pivoting fastening members(13), an extension arm (9), which is locked to be parallel with thelifting arm (8) when the position of the treatment level (20) and theheight are adjusted simultaneously, and which said extension arm (9)pivots in relation to the lifting arm (8) when the treatment level (20)is moved in the vertical direction without the position of the treatmentlevel (20) being changed.

Reference B8 to Sie-gener Feinmechanik GMBH discloses a couch with maincomponents (1) a central part (5) arranged on a chassis (2) with runningwheels and capable of being vertically lifted and lowered by a drivingmotor, and a plate for seating (6) hingedly linked to a head-rest (7)and to a leg-rest (8) that can be pivoted by means of a further drivingmotor up to a seating and to a lying position. In the area of an opening(10) of the seating plate (6) of the central part are arranged sanitarydevices with a water supply for washing the body. A collection container(12) can be placed in an overflow tub (11) arranged underneath theseating plate (6) for receiving the excrements of a bedridden person andthe washing water evacuated through the opening (10) in the seatingplate (6). A mattress (13) of elastic material fitted to the form of thebody and having an opening (14) that corresponds to the opening (10) ofthe seating plate (6) is removably secured on the couch (1).

Reference B9 to Rogers discloses an apparatus 1, FIG. 1, e.g. a nursingor orthopaedic bed, for supporting a patient comprises a rigidundercarriage 2 carrying a rigid frame 7 turnable, e.g. pivotable, abouta horizontal axis. A further rigid frame 3 is slidably and/or removablysupported on the frame 7 and can be releasably locked thereto by firstlocking means 100, FIG. 4. The frame 7 carries patient-supporting frames4, 5 which are rotatable about a longitudinal axis of the apparatusthrough at least 180° and which can be releasably locked in one or morepredetermined positions by second locking means 50.

Additionally, references are known which teach various support systems.These references include: (C1) U.S. Pat. No. 6,546,577, issued Apr. 15,2003 to Chinn; (C2) U.S. Pat. No. 6,619,599, issued Sep. 16, 2003 toElliott et al.; (C3) U.S. Pat. No. 6,375,133, issued Apr. 23, 2002 toMorrow; (C4) US Patent Pub. 2002/0162926, published Nov. 7, 2002 toNguyen; (C5) U.S. Pat. No. 6,073,285, issued Jun. 13, 2000 to Ambach etal.; (C6) U.S. Pat. No. 5,987,670, issued Nov. 23, 1999 to Sims et al.;(C7) U.S. Pat. No. 5,611,638, issued Mar. 18, 1997 to Don et al.: (C8)U.S. Pat. No. 5,651,150, issued Jul. 29, 1997 to Kanitzer et al.; (C9)U.S. Pat. No. 5,687,942, issued Nov. 18, 1997 to Johnson; (C10) U.S.Pat. No. 5,699,988, issued Dec. 23, 1997 to Boettger et al.; (C11) U.S.Pat. No. 5,588,166, issued Dec. 31, 1996 to Burnett; (C12) U.S. Pat. No.5,407,163, issued Apr. 18, 1995 to Kramer et al.; (C13) U.S. Pat. No.5,117,521, issued Jun. 2, 1992 to Foster et al.; (C14) U.S. Pat. No.5,016,307, issued May 21, 1991 to Rebar; (C15) U.S. Pat. No. 4,720,881,issued Jan. 26, 1988 to Meyers; (C16) U.S. Pat. No. 4,768,241, issuedSep. 6, 1988 to Beney; (C17) U.S. Pat. No. 4,489,454, issued Dec. 25,1984 to Thompson; (C18) U.S. Pat. No. 4,262,872, issued Apr. 21, 1981 toKodet; (C19) U.S. Pat. No. 4,273,374, issued Jun. 16, 1981 to Portman;(C20) U.S. Pat. No. 4,016,612, issued Apr. 12, 1977 to Barile, Sr.;(C21) U.S. Pat. No. 3,709,372, issued Jan. 9, 1973 to Alexander; and(C22) U.S. Pat. No. 2,696,963, issued Dec. 14, 1954 to Shepherd.

Reference C1 to Chinn discloses a mobile medical emergency and surgicaltable that comprises a frame assembly, a pair of mechanically advantagedundercarriage assemblies having wheels, a plurality of stretcher yokeassemblies, a plurality of preferably uniformly dimensioned andinterchangeable storage cassettes, an electrical subsystem, and aplurality of optional mounts for the attachment of medical and surgicalequipment.

Reference C2 to Elliott et al. discloses an intravenous (IV) supportsystem including a moveable base and an upright IV pole. The basecomprises a lower wheeled plate, an upper plate having a through hole,and an upright elongate tube fastened to the upper and lower plates. Thetube is aligned with the through hole of the upper plate to form apassage for the IV pole. A bolt transversely extends through the wall ofthe tube to form a transverse supporting surface for the IV pole. The IVpole comprises, at a lower end thereof, a pin extending from a flange sothat the IV pole may be fitted in a through bore of and supported by amounting adapter mounted to a patient support frame. The system allowsthe IV pole to be easily transferable among numerous stand-alone basesand patient support frames, and steadily retained by the bases andmounting adapters mounted to the patient support frames without positivelocking mechanisms.

Reference C3 to Morrow discloses an intravenous (IV) support assemblyincluding a mounting adapter and an upright IV pole. The mountingadapter is mountable to a single rail of a patient support frame, andincludes an insertion member and a locking mechanism. The IV pole issupported by the mounting adapter, and includes a hollow lower end forreceiving the insertion member of the mounting adapter. The IV pole issecured to the insertion member by the locking mechanism of theinsertion member. A variety of different mounting adapters eachconfigured for a different rail configuration are available forsupporting a common IV pole, so the IV pole is transferable betweenmounting adapters mounted to different rails.

Reference C4 to Nguyen discloses an apparatus for supporting medicalfluids for delivery to a patient during surgery, in particular forfluids for intravenous delivery to the patient. The apparatus comprisesa clamp for removably securing the apparatus to an object, such as asurgical table or bed, to allow the object to support the apparatus, theobject being immovable relative to the patient to which the fluids areto be delivered. An arm is provided extending from the clamp. A supportis connected to the arm remote from the clamp, the support being adaptedto retain a receptacle containing medical fluids. In one embodiment, thearm is movable longitudinally with respect to the clamp, therebyallowing the position of the support with respect to the clamp to beadjusted. In a second embodiment, the arm is rotatable about the clampsuch that the fluid receptacle support may be moved within a planecontaining the longitudinal axis of the arm.

Reference C5 to Ambach et al. discloses a mobile support unit such as anIV stand or the like coupled to a mobile hospital bed, gurney orwheelchair by a latch mechanism which provides hands free operationthereby avoiding the need for a nurse or care provider to manuallymanipulate the latch to secure the units together for tandem transport.Further, the latch mechanism according to this invention includes aclutch which prevents relative movement of the IV stand or support unitwith respect to the hospital bed during transport up to a specificadjustable torque level thereby avoiding the problem of the IV stand orsupport unit swinging freely relative to the bed during movement.Further, the clutch permits movement of the IV stand or support unitthrough an arc relative to the bed when a specified force is applied asrequired by the nurse or care provider to reposition the stand orsupport unit relative to the bed and provide increased access to thepatient or the like. The IV stand includes a relatively heavy base whichprovides a low center of gravity for the unit and offers a very stabilemobile IV stand which resists tilting or tipping during transport.

Reference C6 to Sims et al. discloses a system for securing a wheeledpole, such as an IV pole, to an adjustable height mobile bed to form amovable assembly. The system includes a linkage element with first andsecond mounting blocks effective to secure the linkage element to anintermediate frame portion of the bed. An elastomeric member isextendable from the linkage element for engagement with a plurality ofengagement members disposed on opposite sides of a channel formed in thelinkage element. The elastomeric member effectively secures the IV polein the channel for transport of the IV pole/bed assembly.

Reference C7 to Dörr et al. discloses a connecting device with at leasttwo connecting elements fastened to the patient support and insertableinto pin receivers of the column and carriage. Each connecting elementhas two latching elements each movable between a latching position andan unlatching position, and during relative movement between thetransport carriage and the support column resulting in the transfer ofthe patient support from the column to the transport carriage, or thereverse, each connecting element becomes received at the same time in acolumn pin receiver and a carriage pin receiver. Each receiver has adetent recess for receiving one of the latching elements of a receivedconnecting element in its latching position and a control surfaceassociated with the other latch element of the received connectingelement which control surface upon the reception of the connectingelement transfers this latching element to its unlatched position. Eachof the latching elements has associated with it a sensor for detectingthe latching position of the latching element.

Reference C8 to Kanitzer et al. discloses a structure providing apatient support surface which is transferable between a stationerysupport column and a wheeled transport carriage with the transportcarriage, the support column and the support surface providing structurehaving connecting parts which cooperate to securely hold the structureto the transfer carriage or to the support column when the structure ismounted on the transfer carriage or the support column, the connectingparts during transfer of the structure from the transfer carriage to asupport column, or vice versa, being automatically moved between latchedand unlatched conditions to allow the transfer to occur and havingsecurity features preventing the patient support surface providingstructure from being inadvertently unfastened from both the supportcolumn and the transport carriage during a transfer procedure.

Reference C9 to Johnson discloses a support system for detachablymounting an article to a tubular support structure. The system includesa bracket plate having a key-way with side walls diverging from a frontface of the bracket plate to a rear face thereof. The key-way extendsentirely through the bracket plate between the front and rear faces andincludes an entry mouth opening at an edge of the bracket plate. Asupport plate is adapted to be attached to the rear face of the bracketplate to close the key-way at the rear face. A mounting device mountsthe bracket plate and attached support plate to one of the tubularmembers, with the key-way facing away from and extending longitudinallyof the one tubular member. An elongated supporting key is adapted to beattached to the other of the tubular members lengthwise thereof. Thesupporting key is positionable into the entry mouth of the key-way andhas side walls converging from a front face of the key to a rear facethereof for mating proximity to the diverging side walls of the key-way.

Reference C10 to Boettger et al. discloses a coupler clamping assembly(10) for releasably connecting a mobile support stand (52) with apatient transport device such as a gurney (54), in order to allowpatient transfer with the support stand while eliminating the need forextra transport personnel. The clamp (10) preferably includes a pair ofopposed, laterally spaced apart jaws (20, 22) interconnected by acentral bight section (24). A connector assembly including a pair ofoppositely extending elongated connection elements (14, 16) is supportedon the body for relative pivotal movement, and the connection elementsare received for rotation in a tubular section (66) conventionallyprovided as a part of the gurney (54). A clamping screw (18) is threadedfor receipt in a threaded opening through one of the jaws (20) andcooperates with the opposed jaw (22) for securely clamping the uprightstandard (60) of the pole unit (52) within the clamping assembly (10).An arm assembly is also provided for permitting releasableinterconnection between a mobile support stand and any type of patienttransfer device. The arm may be fixed to the stand or transfer device,and includes an attachment clamp or coupling for releasablyinterconnecting the stand and transfer device.

Reference C11 to Burnett discloses a medical attachment device that ishung upon and rigidly attached to an upright and horizontally disposedpart of a patient transport vehicle and that also grasps an upright poleof a wheeled patient care apparatus for maintaining the vehicle and theapparatus in fixed spatial relationship while both are being moved by asingle medical attendant.

Reference C12 to Kramer et al. discloses a pole support for an IV polemounted adjacent a patient support and having two pole supportsseparated by a pair of tracks providing guided paths between the twopole supports. The IV pole has a pole locking block at one end with pinsthat engage the tracks for slidingly moving the IV pole along the trackbetween the two pole supports. The pins on the pole locking blocksfurther engage first slots and notches in the two pole supports forsupporting the IV pole in a generally vertical position; and the pinsengage second slots and notches in the two pole supports for supportingthe IV pole in a generally horizontal position.

Reference C13 to Foster et al. discloses a care cart and a hospital bedhaving mating bases to permit the care cart to nest with the hospitalbed. The combination of cart and bed can be rolled from place to placeto transport the patient and the cart can be removed from the bed whilemaintaining the life support systems connected to the patient while thepatient is transferred to another patient support.

Reference C14 to Rebar discloses a patient transportation apparatuscomprising a stretcher and a collapsible pole for use in supporting IVsets and the like. The pole portion of the apparatus is adjustable inheight with respect to the plane of the stretcher while being capable ofbeing collapsed to a position below or equiplanar with the horizontalsurface of the stretcher. The pole is located so that in all positionsit does not extend beyond the perimeter of the horizontal surface. Inanother embodiment a lower support means is also provided for supportinggravity dependent drainage bags and the like.

Reference C15 to Meyers discloses an anesthesia accessories unit whichis adapted to be placed and supported on an end portion of a patient'sbed structure normally a hospital operating room table. The anesthesiaaccessories unit includes a primary tray assembly having the followingitems supported thereon or forming a portion thereof (1) a support holeassembly adapted to receive various syringe structures and other itemstherein in a neat and orderly fashion; (2) a headrest assembly adaptedto receive a patient's head thereon in proper relationship to the drugsand medicine needed; (3) an instrument holder compartment adapted toreceive instruments therein; (4) a drape frame assembly adapted to beerected over the patient's head and receive a surgical drape or covermember thereon in an elevated position relative to the patient's head;(5) a needle remover assembly allowing the anesthesia provider to removecovers and needle members with the use of only one hand; (6) anintravenous tubing holder assembly adapted to receive and anchor anintravenous tubing assembly; (7) an attachment assembly adapted toreceive and hold various items such as tape, scissors, etc.; (8) a tubetree assembly adapted to receive air supply tubes and the like thereonto hold in an elevated condition; and (9) a transducer pole assemblyadapted to attach a transducer member thereto which then isautomatically moved with raising and lowering of the operating tablestructure. The intravenous tubing holder assembly includes a first tubeholder adapted to receive an intravenous tubing therein and a stop cockholder operable to hold a stop cock therein so as to be readily operableby one hand of the anesthesia provider.

Reference C16 to Beney discloses a self contained, mobile intensive carebed structure adapted to carry a plurality of devices for monitoringand/or providing treatment to a patient in the bed structure andincluding built in direct current lines and outlets, communication linesand outlets, a pneumatic oxygen air and vacuum lines and outlets, and adirect current source, with the bed structure being operable in astationary mode from fixed sources of d-c power, a-c power, oxygen, airand/or vacuum.

Reference C17 to Thompson discloses an apparatus for carrying ahemodynamic pressure transducer in a hospital bed so that the transduceris maintained in a constant relationship with the level of the heart ofa patient in said bed, which comprises a first, vertical member formounting said apparatus on said hospital bed, where said first verticalmember is adapted to fit into a bracket provided on a hospital bed, andis further adapted to hold an intravenous feeding pole, so that saidapparatus may hold an intravenous feeding pole as well as saidhemodynamic pressure transducer; hinge means attached to and projectinghorizontally from said first vertical member; a second member engagingsaid hinge means and disposed to project in a direction perpendicular tothe axis of said first member; and a third, vertical member to whichsaid transducer is adjustably but securely affixed. The bracket may bean intravenous feeding pole bracket provided on said bed. The firstmember may be mounted on a portion of said bed which is so selected thatthe relationship between the height of the transducer and the height ofthe patient's heart remains constant when the level of the bed is raisedor lowered.

Reference C18 to Kodet discloses a pole attached to a hospital stretcheror the like for supporting an intravenous solution container. This polehas an improved collapsible construction attaching it to the stretcherso such pole does not interfere with any stretcher operation.

Reference C19 to Portman discloses a device for anchoring an uprightpole or other supporting means used to support an intravenous bottleholder, particularly for use in an emergency vehicle, such as anambulance. The anchoring device is particularly useful to secure theupper extremity of a pole to the vehicle inside roof surface, and in oneembodiment of the device, a locking feature is provided with theanchoring device to prevent accidental disengagement of the pole andholder. The pole is typically mounted upon a platform, such as a cotused in emergency transport of patients, and with use of the invention,inconvenient and undesirable swaying of the pole and rotation of theholder is prevented, thereby minimizing a safety hazard to ambulanceattendants and the patient.

Reference C20 to Barile discloses a bed frame especially suitable for ahospital bed construction. The bed rails are provided by one or moreextruded metal channel members connected into a familiar rectangularframe. Extruded metal corner brackets are riveted to the corners of theframe. The corner brackets have integral extensions and formations whichserve a variety of functions such as for supporting safety side railsand for the bed headboard and footboard members, standards forsupporting patient treating equipment, among others. The bracket servesa dual function of strengthening and/or retaining the channel members inthe rectangular frame formation and providing means for attaching avariety of different devices to the bed frame.

Reference C21 to Alexander discloses an apparatus for supportingintravenous supply bottles including an upright standard and a cross barextending substantially horizontally across the top of the standard. Anelongated cantilever spring secured to the standard extends to oppositesides of the standard beneath the cross bar. Reaches of the spring areadapted to press into tight frictional contact with upwardly facing endsof supply bottles depending from catches in the cross bar. A mountingfor the standard permits vertical adjustment of the standard relative toa bed or other body support.

Reference C22 to Shepherd discloses a portable transfusion apparatuscarrier, and more particularly to a carrier construction, which isremovably attachable to a hospital bed or stretcher.

Lastly, references are known which disclose various devices fortransport and/or transfer having exchangeable parts. These referencesinclude: (D1) US Patent Pub. 2005/0102748, published May 19, 2005 toJohnson; (D2) US Patent Pub. 2003/0213064, published Nov. 20, 2003 toJohnson; (D3) US Patent Pub. 2002/0174485, published Nov. 28, 2002 toBartels; (D4) US Patent Pub. 2001/0044957, published Nov. 29, 2001 toHodgetts; (D5) U.S. Pat. No. 6,101,644, issued Aug. 15, 2000 to Gagneuret al.; (D6) U.S. Pat. No. 5,487,195, issued Jan. 30, 1996 to Ray; (D7)U.S. Pat. No. 5,111,541, issued May 12, 1992 to Wagner; (D8) U.S. Pat.No. 5,014,968, issued May 14, 1991 to Lammers et al.; (D9) U.S. Pat. No.3,902,204, issued Sep. 2, 1975 to Lee; (D10) U.S. Pat. No. 3,917,076,issued Nov. 4, 1975 to Campbell; (D11) U.S. Pat. No. 2,610,330, issuedSep. 16, 1952 to Sutton; and (D12) U.S. Pat. No. 2,512,160, issued Jun.20, 1950 to Koenigkramer.

Reference D1 to Johnson discloses a transfer and transport device andmethod for moving a patient from a bed to another location within amedical facility. The transport device includes an integral transfermechanism for transferring a patient from a hospital bed to the deviceand back.

Reference D2 to Johnson discloses a transfer and transport device andmethod for moving a patient from a bed to another location within amedical facility. The transport device includes an integral transfermechanism for transferring a patient from a hospital bed to the deviceand back.

Reference D3 to Bartels discloses a patient support mechanism having apatient gurney for the delivery and removal of a patient, the patientgurney having a removable bed board, and having a stationary patient bedprovided for the acceptance of the bed board or having a stationarysupporting part provided therefor at an imaging medical system such as,for example, a CT installation, an angiography device or a NMRinstallation. The patient gurney has carriages that are transverselydisplaceable toward both sides for accepting the bed board and forshifting the bed board from the patient gurney onto the patient bed oronto the supporting part and vice versa. A patient gurney having twodouble T-shaped supports that are centrally connected to one another bya longitudinal support.

Reference D4 to Hodgetts discloses a patient transport system fortransporting a patient from a bed to a stretcher or vice versa, using abed sheet and a conveyor attached to the bed or the stretcher. A firstend of the sheet is removably attached to the conveyor and a second endof the sheet is free. The sheet is adapted to be positioned onto thepatient supporting member of the bed or stretcher. The conveyor includesa roller received by bearings. The roller can be removably received bythe bearings. The roller can also include a telescopic arrangement sothat its length can be adjusted. A pawl and ratchet assembly can beprovided on the conveyor to prevent unwinding of the conveyor. The sheetis removably attached to the roller by adhesive tape or a cliparrangement. A flexible belt attaches the clip to the conveyor and isremovably secured to the roller. The clip includes a body member havinga recess with a plug received therein.

Reference D5 to Gagneur et al. discloses a transport cart/patient tablesystem for transferring an exchangeable slab of the patient table, whichslab can be moved by means of a lifting arrangement, between the tableand the transport cart, whereby the transport cart is moved under thepatient table for the transfer of the exchangeable slab, has a firstguide arranged on the transport cart and a second guide arranged on thepatient table, which can be brought to engage one another as the cart ismoved under the table. The guides engage in such a way to allow thetransport cart to be pivotable and to be displaced longitudinally, whilethe engaged guides serve to guide the transport cart.

Reference D6 to Ray discloses an apparatus for lifting and transportinga prone patient comprising a mobile base frame that may extend under thepatient's bed, a vertical support structure mounted along one side ofthe base frame, a pair of cooperating patient supporting platesconnected to the support structure, the first supporting plate ishorizontally oriented and may be lowered onto the bed and slid partiallyunder a prone patient who has been rolled slightly to the side away fromthe support structure, after rolling the patient in the oppositedirection towards the support structure and upon the first supportingplate, the second supporting plate is pivoted downwardly onto the bedinto alignment with the first supporting plate, and the patient isrolled away from the support structure onto the second supporting plate.A sling may assist positioning the patient relative to the supportingplates.

Reference D7 to Wagner discloses a gurney, or hospital cart, that ischaracterized as being made predominantly of materials that arenon-metallic, non magnetic, and of low electrical conductivity. Such afeature is of particular importance in those health care facilitieswherein modern non-invasive body scanning equipment is in use, suchequipment as provides imaging based on NMR, MRI, and the like,especially wherein large-scale superconducting magnets are in use.

Reference D8 to Lammers et al. discloses a patient table having roundsurface edges for coupling between a trolley and a patient table for thetransfer of a table top from the trolley to the patient table. When thepatient table is lifted by a table lifting mechanism, the table top isdecoupled from the trolley after which the trolley can be decoupled fromthe patient table so as to be removed. The lifting construction of thepatient table enables a large stroke to be made in a vertical directionwithout giving rise to longitudinal displacement of the table includestop. The patient table a hydraulic displacement mechanism for alongitudinal displacement of the table top; this mechanism can also beoperated by hand in the case of emergencies.

Reference D9 to Lee discloses a hospital transfer trolley comprising amain frame from which two parallel end pieces extend at right angles sothat a bed, trolley or the like can be received between the end pieces.A pair of horizontal lift members are carried by the end pieces and canbe raised or lowered with respect to the end pieces. A couch including amattress and a mattress support is movable between a horizontalpatient-supporting position in which it is between the end pieces and anupright inoperative position on the main frame. The mattress support isengageable with the lift members when the couch is in its patientsupporting position to enable the couch to be raised and lowered.

Reference D10 to Campbell discloses trolleys and in particular a trolleyfor handling patients on a stretcher where in certain instances it isessential that the patient be moved as little as possible. Accordinglythe important features of the trolley are a base frame on wheels, astretcher support spaced from and above the base frame and means forraising, lowering and tilting the stretcher support relative to thebase.

Reference D11 to Sutton discloses improvements in wheeled tables fortransferring invalids.

Reference D12 to Koenigkramer discloses a physicians' carriage or litterfor professional use in the treatment or diagnosis of human ailments.

While the prior art discloses several individual features ultimatelyincorporated in the instantly disclosed PS3, the references neverthelessfail to disclose or suggest the combination of features as taught andclaimed herein. For example, referring to Reference D10 (U.S. Pat. No.3,917,076) which discloses a cantilever frame, the reference fails toteach or suggest a bed-to-frame interface construction and function,wherein a fail-safe mechanism is included for prevention of unwantedfolding of the bed during transport, which is a critical component ofthe PS3 design. This anti-folding fail-safe mechanism renders the PS3unique over the prior art cited. Additionally, auxiliary components suchas the wing and frame construction, and the adjustable IV pole holderhave not heretofore been disclosed in the prior art.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The Patient Single Surface System is a system solution which representsthe next generation in patient accommodation, diagnosis, treatment,transfer and transport. PS3 provides a single surface for the patient toremain on from the trauma site through diagnosis, treatment andconvalescence. PS3 addresses the long-felt needs of providing improvedpatient treatment through reduction in time to treatment; reduced oreliminated unnecessary patient movement and injury as well as improvedcomfort throughout treatment and convalescence.

In addition, PS3 addresses significant economic considerations. Economicconsiderations include elimination of costly hospital staff injuriesduring patient transfers, up to six to one (6:1) reduction in hospitalstaff required for patient transfers, increased patient throughput andimproved long term patient outcome/reduced healthcare costs for patientsbenefiting from reduced time to treatment and/or unnecessary disturbanceelimination, and improved long-term hospital staff retention.

PS3 is comprised of four major systems: (1) a single surface support (orpatient single surface, (2) a single surface to frame interface, (3)auxiliary accommodation features and modules and (4) a cantilevertransfer and transport frame. PS3 novelty lies in multiple featureswithin each of the major systems.

The PS3 patient single surface platform, a contoured thin, rigidbed-type surface for transfer requires only a single person, regardlessof patient weight, to position the unit above the surface for transfer,and then lower them mechanically with the cantilever frame. Nolifting/pulling/pushing of the patient is required. No additionalpersonnel are required, even for completely incapacitated patients. Thisis quite contrary to the historic and current patient transfer methodwith a bed sheet or thin plastic sheet, which requires between four andsix personnel for incapacitated patients depending on patient size andpersonnel available. With rare exceptions, current methods are entirelya manual process, which requires significant lifting, pushing andpulling. In addition, PS3 single surface design and unique auxiliaryequipment accommodation allows for the patient to remain connected andauxiliaries unmoved throughout a transfer (unless removal is required inan MRI or similar equipment). Numerous design features of the PS3 frameto single surface platform interface, the thin frameless segmentedsingle surface platform and the modular auxiliaries are novel, which addsignificant usability, minimize complexity and greatly increase itsrange of application over prior designs. In addition, the PS3 singlesurface platform is unique in its ability to provide superiorcomfort/accommodation for patient rest during critical treatmentperiods.

PS3 provides a single surface for the patient to remain on from thetrauma site through all diagnosis, all treatment and convalescence. PS3accommodates the widest range of application with the least modificationto interfacing equipment when compared to existing devices/prior art dueto its inherent design and modularity.

Accordingly, it is an objective of the instant invention to provide aframeless single surface system (PS3) for patient accommodation,diagnosis, treatment and transfer, which eliminates the current practicerequiring multiple manual patient transfers.

It is a further objective of the instant invention to provide a patienttransfer system which incorporates efficient, safe, passive and securesingle surface to frame interface, mated to a cantilever frame, whichincludes self-aligning features and an ability to withdraw horizontallyonce mated to another surface.

It is an additional objective to provide the PS3 with a segmentedsupport surface (PS3 bed) containing a segment interlock functionalityfor maintaining rigidity of the frameless PS3 single surface platform,when desired, wherein segment articulation of the frameless singlesurface is not permitted to occur without proper mating surface supportand engagement of the positive mating means, e.g. T-Pin engagement.

It is a further objective of the instant invention to provide means forefficient width adjustment, e.g. in the form of readily attachablesegmented components or “wings” which interlock with lateral edges ofthe PS3 single surface platform thereby enabling scalability in the PS3single surface platform width, with no loss in PS3 single surfaceplatform functionality, or alternatively, in the form of multiple fixedwidth options.

It is another objective of the instant invention to provide a cantilevertransport/transfer frame which allows greater and more stable range ofheight adjustment, and provides support arms which enable bothTrendelenburg and reverse Trendelenburg tilt.

It is still a further objective of the instant invention to provide acantilever transport/transfer frame which enables full articulation ofthe PS3 single surface platform segments while supported thereon.

It is yet an additional objective of the instant invention to provide acantilever transport/transfer frame which enables reversible cantilevervia centrally located support columns, and which provide arms and/orcolumns with rotatable and translatable functionality.

It is still an additional objective of the instant invention to providea PS3 single surface platform articulation enabling interface effectivefor inclusion with standard gurneys.

Yet an additional objective of the instant invention is the provision ofa PS3 single surface platform to mating surface interlocking design.

An additional objective of the instant invention is to providecomponents of the PS3 system with a matable, full length, receivingsurface to enable universal and infinitely adjustable engagement of PS3auxiliaries and wings thereto.

Still a further objective of the instant invention is to provide the PS3system with quick-locking and single-handedly removable auxiliaries andwidth adjustment components.

A further objective of the instant invention is to provide a PS3auxiliary block with a stepped holed design to accommodate multiplepole/interface sizes, and additionally providing a Poke Yoke design toinsure proper insertion orientation for locking.

Still another objective of the instant invention is to provide anauxiliary block having a 2 stage release handle to allow for release ofauxiliaries, while preventing accidental release from the SingleSurface.

Yet another objective of the instant invention is to provide the PS3system with a separate articulation inter-lock module which isinstallable/removable while the frameless single surface is suspended inthe PS3 frame.

It is an additional objective of the instant invention to provide thePS3 single surface with a multiple layer non-continuous air mattresswhich is rapidly adaptable to improve patient comfort.

Other objects and advantages of this invention will become apparent fromthe following description wherein, by way of illustration and example,certain embodiments of this invention are set forth.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the PS3 system depicting the initialstep of alignment of PS3 as the patient is transported to a MRI lab andinitially positioned next to a MRI bed;

FIG. 2 is perspective view of the PS3 system depicting the next step ofraising the MRI Bed into position then pushing PS3 system into positionabove the MRI bed;

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the PS3 system depicting the step oflowering the PS3 single surface platform into position with cantileveredarms to a safe distance just above (−1 inch) the MRI bed;

FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the PS3 system depicting the next stepwherein the quick release guardrails, the quick release auxiliary blocksand poles are removed;

FIG. 5 is an exploded view of PS3 single surface platform, wings andguardrails;

FIG. 6 is a perspective view illustrating the PS3 system with the singlesurface platform wings removed to accommodate a narrow MRI bed;

FIG. 7 is an end view of FIG. 4, with the quick release single surfaceplatform wings removed to accommodate a narrow MRI bed, also lockingT-pins are shown on the MRI bed;

FIG. 8 is a perspective view of FIG. 7, illustrating the PS3 singlesurface platform and patient lowered fully onto a MRI bed and lockedinto self-guiding T-pins;

FIG. 9 is a perspective view of the system similar to FIG. 7,illustrating the PS3 cantilevered frame being removed from the PS3single surface platform and MRI bed;

FIG. 10 is a perspective view of the PS3 single surface platformillustrating its ability to transfer a patient into a MRI device whilepatient remains on PS3 single surface platform;

FIG. 11 is a partial view of the PS3 system illustrating one example ofthe PS3 single surface platform to frame interface;

FIG. 12 is a perspective view of another embodiment of the PS3 frame tosingle surface interface member;

FIG. 13 is a perspective view illustrating a third embodiment of a PS3frame to single surface interface member with redundant alignmentsurfaces for the single surface to frame interface members;

FIG. 14 is a partial view of the PS3 single surface platform providedwith a “box” receiver, as an additional example of the single surface toframe interface, for insertion of the frame to single surface interfaceof FIG. 11;

FIG. 15 is a perspective view of the PS3 single surface platform withthe wings attached and a hinge for the single surface backrest section;

FIG. 16 illustrates the PS3 system and a gurney onto which the PS3single surface platform is to be placed;

FIG. 17 is a perspective view of the PS3 single surface platformillustrating the single surface backrest section of the PS3 singlesurface platform tilting, after the PS3 is securely mated to the gurney;

FIG. 18 is a bottom view of the PS3 single surface platform assembly ofFIG. 15;

FIG. 19 is a bottom view of the PS3 single surface platform assemblywithout wings and without the single surface backrest section,illustrating the lock plates and 4-bar linkage, which causes the platesto move toward each other when the handle is rotated;

FIG. 20 is a top perspective view of the PS3 lock plate with keyhole andinterlock;

FIG. 21 is a bottom perspective view of the PS3 lock plate and a T-pin;

FIG. 22 is a top perspective view of the PS3 lock plate engaging aT-pin;

FIG. 23 is a top perspective view of the PS3 lock plate illustratingpositioning of the PS3 interlock lever above the interlock ramp when thebottom of the PS3 single surface platform is resting on a matingsurface;

FIG. 24 is a top perspective view of the PS3 lock plate in its finallocked position;

FIG. 25 is a bottom view similar to FIG. 19, illustrates the PS3 singlesurface without wings and without the single surfacce backrest section,illustrating the lock plates and 4-Bar linkage;

FIG. 26 is the PS3 single surface platform of FIG. 25 illustrating thePS3 lock/unlock handle rotated 90 degrees counter clockwise causingtranslation of the two lock modules toward each other (due to the 4-BarLinkage) to secure the PS3 single surface to the mating surface andretracting the single surface backrest section lock bar;

FIG. 27 is the PS3 single surface platform of FIG. 25 with the PS3lock/unlock handle rotated 180 degrees counter clockwise causingtranslation of the two lock modules toward each other to their finallocked location, wherein the single surface backrest section lock bar iscompletely withdrawn;

FIG. 28 is an exploded view of the PS3 single surface with incline wingsand main wings separated from the single surface;

FIG. 29A illustrates an alternative PS3 lock for the wings, which is ofa quick lock and release design, but is not self-locking into the sideof the single surface;

FIG. 29B illustrates the alternative PS3 lock, in its unlocked position,with the wing abutted to the single surface;

FIG. 30 illustrates the alternative PS3 lock, in its locked position,securing a wing to the single surface;

FIG. 31 is a perspective view of a preferred embodiment of a PS3 wingwhich is self-locking onto the main single surface platform;

FIG. 32 is a partial perspective view of the PS3 wing illustrating theself-locking mechanism;

FIG. 33 is a perspective view of a PS3 push button modular auxiliaryblock, which self-locks onto the single surface platform or wing;

FIG. 34 is a perspective view of another embodiment of the push buttonmodular auxiliary block illustrated in FIG. 33;

FIG. 35 is an end view of the push button modular auxiliary blockillustrating the push button mechanism for closing and releasing thecatch mechanism of the auxiliary block;

FIG. 36 is a top perspective view of the PS3 push button modularauxiliary block of FIG. 34, illustrating stepped holes to accommodatemultiple pole diameters;

FIG. 37A is a perspective view of another embodiment of the auxiliaryblock illustrating a self-locking modular auxiliary block and itsrelationship with the PS3 main single surface platform or wing T-slot;

FIG. 37B is a cross sectional view of the auxiliary block of FIG. 37A,illustrating the internal design of the single lever, dual purposeT-slot and pole locking mechanism;

FIG. 38 is a side view of the PS3 auxiliary block of FIG. 37 A showingthe release lever, and the self-locking catch, for mating between theauxiliary block and PS3 wing or main single surface platform, theauxiliary pole spring loaded lock and the stepped hole features fordifferent sized auxiliaries;

FIG. 39 illustrates the auxiliary block in position to engage the T-Slotin the PS3 main single surface platform or wing;

FIG. 40 illustrates the auxiliary block locked into the T-Slot in thePS3 main single surface platform or wing;

FIG. 41 illustrates a modified T-Slot in the PS3 single surface platformor wing, which includes cutouts with vertical surfaces to securelylocate the auxiliary blocks along the length of the slot;

FIG. 42 shows the PS3 auxiliary block release lever wherein the releaselever translates and engages a conical ramp feature on the self-lockingcatch for self-lock into PS3 main single surface platform or wings. Thecatch is formed as a spring or living hinge;

FIG. 43 illustrates another embodiment of the PS3 auxiliary blockrelease lever and auxiliary catch wherein the catch is rotated 90degrees from the position shown in FIG. 42;

FIG. 44 is a perspective view of the PS3 auxiliary block illustrating aslot in the top to mate with the spline feature of an auxiliary lockring to insure they mate properly. It also shows a patient safety strapattached to the auxiliary block;

FIG. 45 illustrates the PS3 auxiliary lock ring starting to engage theauxiliary pole lock, a standard auxiliary pole is then inserted insidethis lock ring allowing accommodation of the belt strap and an auxiliarypole;

FIG. 46 illustrates the PS3 lock ring “opening” the auxiliary pole lock;

FIG. 47 illustrates the auxiliary pole lock in its locked position;

FIG. 48 illustrates the PS3 auxiliary block showing the first phase ofthe staged release wherein the auxiliary pole lock has completelydisengaged the slots in the auxiliary poles or lock ring to allowremoval of auxiliary poles or lock ring, while the release lever hasjust started to engage the self-locking catch;

FIG. 49 further illustrates the PS3 auxiliary block showing the secondphase of staged release, wherein the release handle has engaged theself-locking catch enough for the catch tips to completely retract;

FIG. 50 is an exploded view of a PS3 auxiliary tray assembly whichincludes an auxiliary tray, two auxiliary block assemblies, two lockrings to lock the assembly together and an auxiliary pole;

FIG. 51 is a rear of FIG. 50 illustrating the support pin attached tothe rear of the auxiliary tray to support heavier loads;

FIG. 52 is a front perspective view of the assembly shown in FIGS. 50and 51;

FIG. 53 is a side view of the PS3 assembly with the main single surfaceplatform in a horizontal position;

FIG. 54 is a side view of the PS3 assembly with the main single surfaceplatform in a Trendelenburg (tilted) position in which the singlesurface platform to frame interface arms on the left have rotated aboutthe frame to single surface interface to compensate for the reduction inthe horizontal distance between the two frame to single surfaceinterface members;

FIG. 55 is an perspective view of the PS3 single surface platform in aTrendelenburg (tilted) position in which one of the frame to singlesurface members is lower than the other one;

FIG. 56 is a top perspective view of the PS3 main single surfaceplatform including an upper body section and a knee gatch section;

FIG. 57 is a bottom perspective view of the PS3 main single surfaceplatform without the interlock/interface module and single surfaceplatform to frame transfer arms;

FIG. 58 is a top perspective view of a removable three segmentself-contained interlock/interface module which cooperates with the mainsingle surface platform of FIGS. 56 and 57;

FIG. 59 is a bottom partial view of a base three segment PS3 singlesurface platform without the interlock/interface module and moduleretainer plates. It also shows the tilt/bend lock tubes connecting theupper body section and the main single surface platform section. Alsothe tilt/bend lock tubes connect the lower leg section to the mainsingle surface platform section;

FIG. 60 is an perspective view of the tilt/bend lock tube;

FIG. 61 is an end view of the PS3 single surface platform without theinterlock/interface module, illustrating the tips of the tilt/bend locktubes that interface the interlock/interface module;

FIG. 62 is a perspective view of the three segment PS3 main singlesurface platform, without the interlock/interface module, includingsingle surface platform to frame interface hooks which have beenprovided with a cross bar so they can be used as handles;

FIG. 63 is a top view of a three segment interlock/interface module withthe mechanisms in the locked position;

FIG. 64 is a top view of a three segment interlock/interface module withthe mechanisms in the unlocked position;

FIG. 65 is a partial view of a three segment interlock/interface moduleillustrating the alignment between hinge joints on theinterlock/interface module and the four bar member, which allowsarticulation of the single surface backrest portion, mid portion andknee gatch portion;

FIG. 66 is a bottom view of the complete interlock/interface module;

FIG. 67: is a bottom view in part of the interlock/interface moduledocking into the PS3 single surface platform and just starting to engagethe tilt/bend lock tubes;

FIG. 68: is a bottom view in part of the interlock/interface module inits final position in the PS3 Single surface platform in which it hasfully retracted the tilt/bend lock tubes beyond the hinge joints;

FIG. 69 is a bottom view of the assembled PS3 single surface platform,interlock/interface module and single surface platform to frameinterface hooks;

FIG. 70 is a top perspective view of a complete PS3 single surfaceplatform wing assembly;

FIG. 71 is a bottom view of a complete PS3 single surface platform wingassembly;

FIG. 72 is a perspective view of the wing catch/tension/release moduleremoved from the single surface platform wing;

FIG. 73 is a perspective view of the wing catch/tension/release element;

FIG. 74 is a bottom view is part of a PS3 single surface platform wingassembly with the eccentric tension lever of the wingcatch/tension/release element in the unlocked position;

FIG. 75 illustrates the PS3 single surface platform wing assembly ofFIG. 74 with the eccentric tension lever in the locked position;

FIG. 76 is end view of the self catch/latch of the wingcatch/tension/release element of FIGS. 74 and 75;

FIG. 77A is an end view of a rectangular or square single surfaceplatform rail and a self catch auxiliary block prior to engagement;

FIG. 77B is an end view of “external” engagement of a rectangular orsquare single surface platform rail with a self-catch auxiliary block;

FIG. 78 illustrates a standard gurnie which could utilize the “external”engagement self-catch auxiliary block shown above in FIG. 77B;

FIG. 79 is an perspective view of the “external” self-catch auxiliaryblock and an alternative single surface platform rail;

FIG. 80 shows an perspective view of an “internal” engagement self-catchauxiliary block aligning to mate to an alternative single surfaceplatform rail design with a slot or appropriately sized through hole;

FIG. 81 is an perspective view of the “internal” engagement self-catchauxiliary block of FIG. 80 mated to an alternative standard rail designwith a slot or appropriately sized through hole;

FIG. 82A illustrates a side view of alternative self-catch mechanismdesign;

FIG. 82B illustrates a side view of another alternative self-catchmechanism design;

FIG. 83 is a perspective view of the auxiliary block assembly and alateral lock version of the T-Slot;

FIG. 84 is a perspective view of the a PS3 T-Slot with slots at the backwall of the T-Slot for the nose of the auxiliary block or the verticalsupport pins;

FIG. 85 is an enlarged view of FIG. 84;

FIG. 86 is a top perspective view of the auxiliary block illustratingthe four flats poke yoke;

FIG. 87 is a bottom perspective view of the auxiliary lock ring with thefour flats poke yoke and with corresponding slots for the auxiliary polelock;

FIG. 88 is an exploded view of the auxiliary block, auxiliary lock ringand the bottom of the auxiliary pole;

FIG. 89 is a perspective view of the PS3 system including guardrails,which mount into the PS3 T-Slot with the same Self-Catch Mechanism asthe Auxiliary Blocks and Wings;

FIG. 90 is a perspective view of PS3 system approaching an MRI in whichauxiliary T-Slots are placed on the side of the MRI bed platform toattach the PS3 wings and guardrails thereby providing additional patientsafety;

FIG. 91 is a perspective view of the PS3 single surface platform toframe interface hooks provided with the same basic self-catch mechanismas the auxiliary block and wings

FIG. 92 is a perspective view of the single surface platform to frameinterface hooks installed on the PS3 Single surface platform;

FIG. 93 is a bottom view of the PS3 single surface platform with arecess for the single surface platform to frame interface hooksself-catch mechanism to provide a secure mating of the single surfaceplatform to frame interface hooks to the single surface platform;

FIG. 94 is a bottom view showing the retraction of the single surfaceplatform to frame interface hooks self-catch mechanism to allow removalof the single surface platform to frame interface hooks;

FIG. 95 is a perspective view of the PS3 single surface platform with adeflated air mattress on top covering the entire single surface platformsurface;

FIG. 96 is a perspective view of the PS3 Single surface platform withwings attached and without the deflated air mattress;

FIG. 97 is a perspective view of another embodiment of the singlesurface platform to frame interface hooks wherein the hooks are straightand a crossbar connects the interface hooks;

FIG. 98 is a perspective view of the hooked shaped single surfaceplatform to frame interface hooks provided with a crossbar;

FIG. 99 is an exploded view of a handle assembly and sleeve which areinsertable into the crossbar to provide carrying handles;

FIG. 100 is an alternative mechanism for attaching the handle assemblyto the sleeve;

FIG. 101 is a side view of the sleeve illustrated in FIG. 100;

FIG. 102 is a side view of the handle assembly and sleeve illustratingthe relationship of the latch and receiving holes;

FIG. 103 is a side view of the latch assembly of FIG. 102;

FIG. 104 is a side view of an alternative embodiment of the auxiliaryblock provided with a tension lock;

FIG. 105 is a view similar to FIG. 104 with the tension lock in itslocked position;

FIG. 106 is a side view of the PS3 assembly provided with push/pullfolding handles, which are used to move and position the PS3 assembly,in their inoperative position;

FIG. 107 is a side view of the PS3 system of FIG. 106 with the push/pullhandles in their operative position;

FIG. 108 is a partial view of the push/pull handles and PS3 frameillustrating the self-locking latch which holds the handles in theiroperative position;

FIG. 109 is a partial side view of the ends of the push/pull handlesprovided with telescoping extensions;

FIG. 110 is a top plane view of the PS3 single surface platformincorporating an upper body section hinged to a mid section which ishinged to a lower leg section. Separate wing sections are illustrated onthe top portion of the Fig. and hinged wing sections are illustrated onthe lower portion of the Fig.;

FIG. 111 illustrates an internally mounted adaptor plug for an auxiliarypole;

FIG. 112 illustrates an externally mounted adaptor plug for an auxiliarypole;

FIG. 113 illustrates an alternative, triangular shaped T-pin;

FIG. 114 illustrates and alternative frame useful with a single surfaceplatform in an unlocked, articulated state;

FIG. 115 illustrates the single surface platform supported by thealternative frame of FIG. 114 and

FIG. 116 illustrates a rack and pinion mechanism designed to insurecoordinated movement of the frame supporting arm and frame cantilevercolumn.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The Patient Single Surface System (PS3) provides an all encompassing,systematized approach to patient transport and care, representing aparadigm shift from current systems and methods.

PS3 has been designed to provide a fully modular and scalable systembased upon the provision of a single surface upon which a patient mayremain beginning at a trauma site and extending throughout the steps ofdiagnosis, treatment and convalescence.

The origins of the PS3 concept emanated from a study of stroke victimcare in which studies indicated that up to 16 patient transfers wererequired for treatment, which corresponded to a loss of 20-40 minutesrequired for these manual transfers. The deficiencies of current patientcare systems thus necessitate frequent movements which detract fromefficient care and often tax the abilities of all involved, includingthe patient, caregivers (such as doctors, nurses, orderlies, attendantsand paramedics), and the institutions for whom they serve, includinghospitals, emergency medical services and health insurance providers.

Implementation of the PS3 system will provide myriad benefits, such asreduced time to treatment for all immobilized patients (e.g. stroke oracute coronary syndrome patients, where time lost translates intoirreversible loss of function); elimination of unnecessary disturbanceof acute care victims, such as those suffering spinal injuries; andimproved patient comfort during diagnosis, treatment and convalescence.

Implementation of PS3 will also serve to enhance economics related topatient care by eliminating patient transfer associated hospital staffinjuries during patient transfer (which is estimated to have a directcost in the range of $28-$128 million annually), eliminating patientinjuries during surface transfers, reducing staff requirements forpatient transfers by as much as 6 to 1, improving long-term outcome andreducing healthcare costs for patients benefiting from reduced time totreatment, improving long-term hospital staff retention and improvingpatient throughput.

The PS3 has been designed to provide a wide range of application acrossa broad spectrum of patient treatment from trauma through convalescence,in a scalable and modular format. PS3's design requires littlemodification to existing interfacing equipment, while providing amultiplicity of safety interlocks using simple and readily adaptedmechanisms.

The heart of the PS3 system is the frameless single surface platformwhich may be formed in 2-3 segments to provide articulation of abackrest portion and, optionally, a knee gatch. Although some loss offunctionality may occur, it is nevertheless contemplated to provide fullor partial framing, as need may dictate, for particular applications.The single surface platform or bed is designed to be lightweight, thinand modular, and may incorporate a wing system to provide forscalability in width, as required. In a preferred embodiment, aself-aligning self-locking quick release wing construction is providedto rapidly adapt the PS3 single surface platform to width requirementsdictated by either patient comfort requirements, equipment spacerequirements or the like. In a particularly preferred embodiment, thewing attachments are additionally provided with a tension lever toinsure tight fit to a single surface, while simultaneously acting as afail-safe mechanism to prevent inadvertent disengagement. Whendesirable, and in order to reduce the number of loose parts, it iscontemplated to fabricate the wings in a multiple segment hingedembodiment.

In an alternative embodiment, as opposed to scalable wings, a multiplewidth integrated solution may be provided, wherein a particular widthPS3 single surface platform is initially chosen based upon anticipatedneeds. This embodiment serves to eliminate a proliferation of looseparts, e.g. wings, however it may necessitate a transfer of the patientto an alternatively sized PS3 single surface platform, as may berequired.

The PS3 single surface platform is designed to facilitate compatibilitywith MRI and X-ray imagery equipment, as well as providing an easilyadaptable platform for usage by emergency medical services personnel.

In a particular embodiment, the PS3 single surface platform can beprovided with an inflatable air mattress for enhanced patient comfort.This mattress may be provided with multiple layers including a foam orgel overlying an impervious layer or an alternative self-healing layeranalogous to a basketball self-healing membrane overlying a plurality ofair chambers. The air mattress provides a means for rapid adaptation tovarious conditions experienced as the patient progresses from traumathrough diagnosis, treatment and convalescence. Inflated on-demand by asmall compressor in the frame, separate stand or auxiliary tray on PS3.This multi-layer air mattress is an alternative to continuous airsystems which require constant power supply, constant connection to thefan system, are noisy and more maintenance intensive due to the constantrun nature.

The second major component of the PS3 system is the single surface totransfer frame interface, which provides rapid transfer, isself-aligning, secure, of passive design and is designed to provide bothTrendelenburg and reverse Trendelenburg positioning. In an illustrative,albeit non-limiting embodiment, the frame to single surface platforminterface is further provided with one or more tabs which are designedto rotate or translate to a position above the single surfaceplatform-to-frame interface to provide additional security. Contrary toprior art devices, the instant invention permits horizontal withdrawalof the frame to single surface interface, without requiring that thecomponents drop below the mating surface for disengagement.

The third major component of the PS3 system is encompassed in theprovision and accommodation of auxiliary components. Auxiliarycomponents such as guard rails, IV pole holders, and the like areattachable to the PS3 support surface anywhere along the periphery ofthe support surface, utilizing the same self-locking features as theauxiliary blocks and wings, and need not be attached and reattachedduring patient movement from one area of treatment to another. Theauxiliaries are designed so as not to extend below the PS3 or wingsurface, thereby ensuring that the auxiliaries can be removed while thePS3 is mated to another surface.

In a preferred, albeit non-limiting embodiment, provision of a uniqueauxiliary block having a self-locking and quick release design enablesenhanced ability for attachment of auxiliary devices. The system'smodular design permits quick self-aligning attachment of all auxiliarycomponents to a variety of modular components such as the PS3 surfacesupport platform and/or the wings. By use of the scalable wings, alongwith an auxiliary block which incorporates a unique two-step lockingmechanism, secure assemblage of specifically needed surface structureand auxiliary implementation can be readily achieved.

Application Example

In an illustrative example, a patient will initially be assessed by EMSpersonnel and placed upon a PS3 patient surface platform or “PS3 bed”.Auxiliary components such as an IV bag carrying fluids to the patientmay be attached thereto. Self-lock, quick release transfer hooks mayalso be applied to the PS3 single surface platform along with theadjustable width self-storing handles and the single surface platformmay be affixed to a wheeled carrier for transfer to the hospitalemergency room. Once within the ER, a backrest and mid-sectionself-locking wing might be installed to enhance patient comfort.Additionally, guard rails may be secured along the peripheries of thePS3 single surface platform to provide enhanced patient security, whilestill enabling articulation for patient treatment and comfort.

Once within the hospital, the transfer frame can be positioned forengagement with the PS3 single surface platform. Utilizing theself-aligning features inherent in the single surface platform-to-frameinterface, safe and secure transfer may be easily accomplished, therebyenabling removal of the wheeled carrier. Upon positioning of the PS3single surface platform upon the transfer frame, the patient may beeasily moved throughout the hospital for necessary tests and the like.This transport may be carried out in a horizontal mode or, by verticallyorienting the support structure of the transfer frame, in theTrendelenburg or reverse Trendelenburg position, as desired.

In an illustrative embodiment, as will be further described below, thepatient, while resting on the PS3 single support surface which isinterfaced with the transfer frame, is first transported to the vicinityof an MRI device. The patient is then transferred directly to the MRIdevice, while always remaining on the PS3 single support surface.

The only modification required of the MRI device is the installation ofan appropriate number of “T-pins” (usually two) to couple to the PS3single surface platform. The entire patient support surface ispositioned above the MRI scan bed, and once nominally positioned, anyguard-rails or auxiliaries may be dismounted and stored on a separaterack or mounted to T-slots, or the like matable receiving surface, builtinto the MRI transfer frame. The quick-release Mid/Lower leg wings andguard-rails can then be removed, as well as the quick-release backrestwings and associated guard-rails. At this point the PS3 single surfacesupport is lowered onto the MRI bed and self-positioning openings guidethe T-pins into place as the patient support surface is lowered thereon.When fully supported upon the MRI bed, the PS3 transfer frame may beremoved. Subsequently, the PS3 support surface is locked to the MRI bedby activation of the single handle which translates the lockingmechanism, simultaneously interlocking about the T-pins, and releasingthe locking elements which had prevented articulation of the backrestand knee gatch joints, which had maintained the PS3 support surfacerigid. If necessary, auxiliaries may remain fixedly engaged to the MRIbed, while still enabling insertion of the patient within the MRIdevice.

Alternatively, when space within the MRI or CT scanner becomesproblematic, the PS3 single surface platform may fully replace theimaging bed of the scanning device. In such an embodiment, the MRI or CTscanner will engage the PS3 in a side-drive configuration, wherein thematable receiving surface, e.g. the T-slot, is directly engaged bymating means made integral with the MRI/CT scanner. This allowselimination of the extra thickness caused by stacking of the PS3 andMRI/CT scan bed, and allows for removal of the articulation inter-lockmodule (which allows for improved imaging) and does away with the needfor the T-pins.

With reference to the PS3 single surface support platform or “PS3 bed”,the design is configured to initially provide a rigid backboardfacility. Means are provided to maintain the segmented surface in arigid configuration, e.g. by the use of spring loaded locking tubes,which are biased to a home position which insures positive engagement ofadjacent segments, thereby precluding relative articulationtherebetween, e.g. about the back rest or knee gatch articulationpoints.

An articulation inter-lock module is provided which is positionablewithin the confines of the PS3 single surface platform, in a manner suchthat translation of the articulation interlock module securement meanscan only be accomplished subsequent to insertion of the T-pins withinthe T-pin reception means, at which point the articulation inter-lockblocks securely grasp the T-pins and simultaneously disengage the meansproviding rigidity of the segments to a second position, wherebyarticulation of the segments is enabled. Thus, when mounted to anunderlying surface which permits of articulation, the knee gatch andbackrest may be adjusted for most efficient treatment and patientcomfort.

An additional feature of the PS3 system is illustrated in the PS3auxiliary block mounting mechanism. This mechanism is designed tosecurely mount within a matable receiving surface, which is ubiquitousto various members of the PS3 system. In a preferred, albeitnon-limiting embodiment, the matable receiving surface is depicted as aT-slot. The T-slot may be provided in the sides of the PS3 singlesupport surface, the transfer frame, the scalable wing system, and thevarious manifestations of guide-rails. By utilizing a combination ofmale/female coupling configurations, the component mounting systemprovides a self-locking and self-aligning attachment system which isinfinitely adjustable within the mounting surface. Spring biasing means,or the like, provide for easy and quick release of mounted components,while, in a preferred embodiment, providing a supplemental lockingelement which provides for a secure fit and fail-safe attachment,thereby preventing inadvertent disengagement. Unique to the auxiliarymounting block, is a locking element incorporating a two-stage quickrelease feature. As illustrated below, this locking element provides forself-locking of the auxiliary block to a mounting surface and alsoself-locking of an auxiliary feature, e.g. an intravenous support pole(IV pole) within the auxiliary block. Application of force to therelease mechanism to a first release point enables release of the IVpole, without any release of the auxiliary block form the mountingsurface. Continued application of pressure to a second release point iseffective for disengagement of the auxiliary block from the associatedmatable receiving surface.

In an alternative embodiment, a modification of the PS3 support surfaceis provided which enables articulation and actuation of both the kneegatch and backrest incline while the PS3 support surface is engaged withthe PS3 Frame, in addition to Trendelenburg and Reverse Trendelenburgwithin the PS3 Frame. This modification, in addition to allowingbackrest incline and knee gatch articulation while in the PS3 frame,further permits improved access to both sides of the PS3 single surfaceplatform when in “Bed/Gurney” mode (at rest or transport) and support ofPS3 Single Surface when suspended in the PS3 Frame, which allows foreasier installation/removal of the Articulation Interlock Module. Thissupport embodiment heavily reduces the chance of binding and forcerequired to install/remove the Articulation Interlock Module.

Two major approaches for this embodiment are contemplated, a firstembodiment wherein a full width version with full low profile frame isprovided which stays attached to the frame at the main single surfaceplatform to frame interface hooks. This embodiment utilizes conventionalgurney backrest incline actuation which is usually pneumatic shockswhich stay within the frame height. The knee gatch is also actuated bytypical gurney means within the frame height. This embodiment wouldrequire one transfer to narrow width version of PS3 if need for MRI/CTscan. It is noted that the T-pins and keyhole lock modules would stillbe used to lock PS3 into another surface, but the interlock for backrestand knee gatch articulation would not be necessary. In a secondembodiment a two column mid cross-bar version is provided, wherein oneversion has “head” end and leg end “specified” and a more complicatedversion which is not specific with regard to the head end versus the legend of the single surface platform with respect to frame. In thisembodiment, the frame cross bar may be moved laterally to a middleposition, irrespective of the backrest/knee gatch articulation withinthe frame, thereby improving side access within the frame.

In order to fully explain the various features, of PS3, its auxiliarycomponents and alternative embodiments, reference will now be made, indetail, to the accompanying figures, wherein like elements are uniformlynumbered throughout.

With regard to diagnostic interfaces, the MRI is thought to be the mostdifficult, primarily due to its package constraints and very narrowpatient platform. The MRI also adds a challenge through the requirementthat any interface equipment is of nonferrous material, which the PS3design facilitates.

Now with particular reference to FIGS. 1-10, a stepwise example of useof the PS3 system in conjunction with an MRI is described. PS3 designfeatures that facilitate each step are shown as well in the followingMRI example. The heart of the PS3 system is a frameless single surfaceplatform 12 which may be formed in 2-3 segments to provide articulationof a backrest portion 14 and an optional mid portion and knee gatch ofsections 20 and 18 respectively (FIG. 110). The single surface platformis designed to be lightweight, thin and modular. A wing system may beincorporated onto the single surface platform for scalability in width.In an embodiment a self-locking, quick release wing system 22 isprovided to adapt the single surface platform 12 to width requirementsdictated by either patient comfort requirements, equipment spacerequirements or the like. As illustrated in FIG. 5 wing sections 24 maybe attached to one or both sides of the backrest portion 14 of thesingle surface platform. Also, wing sections 26 may be attached to oneor both sides of the lower portion 16 of the single surface platform. Asshown in FIG. 110 wing section 28 may be attached to one or both sidesof the knee gatch portion 18 of the single surface platform and wingsection 30 may be attached to one or both sides of the mid portion 20 ofthe single surface platform. Wing sections can be attached to each otherto further increase the width of the platform. For example, 2 or morewing sections 24 and/or 26 can be attached to one or both sides of thesingle surface platform in FIG. 5.

With reference to FIG. 1, a perspective view is shown depicting theinitial alignment of PS3 single surface platform 12, while supportedupon the transfer frame 32, as the patient is transported to the MRI laband initially positioned next to the MRI device 194 upon the extendedMRI bed 196. Initially usage of PS3 simply involves the transport of thepatient on the PS3 apparatus 10 to the MRI lab, as one would do on astandard gurney. Modes of operation for vertical raising and lowering orTrendelenburg motion are through either electromechanical means,hydraulic or pneumatic means. FIG. 1 illustrates step of raising the PS3platform into position by either electromechanical means, hydraulic orpneumatic means. Also, the initial alignment of PS3 and patient next tothe MRI bed. Note the placement of means for securing the PS3 platform12 to the MRI bed, herein illustrated as T-pins 86.

FIG. 1, illustrates the steps of raising the PS3 Single surface platforminto position by either electromechanical means, hydraulic or pneumaticmeans and then translating the PS3, by pushing it into position abovethe MRI bed.

As further illustrated in FIG. 2, the PS3 single surface platform isnext lowered into position by vertical translation of the cantileveredarms or single surface to frame interface 40 of the transport andtransfer interface frame 32 to a safe distance just above (˜1 inch) theMRI bed. Note that the quick release guard rails 64 and auxiliaries 66remain in place.

Regarding FIG. 3, illustrated here is removal of the quick releaseguardrails 64 and auxiliaries 66. The guard rails may be placed aside orhung from the frame on hooks (not shown), while the quick releaseauxiliary blocks and poles, may be likewise removed or shifted to thedistal end of the PS3, as necessary, thereby permitting entry into theMRI apparatus.

The embodiment illustrated in FIG. 4 illustrates a frame upper crossmember 34 (which may be replaced by an alternative transfer frame whichpermits reversal of the cantilever frame). Note the frame lower legs 38are provided with wheels 46 permitting easy transport of the frame.Frame to single surface interface or cantilever arms 40 are mounted onframe cantilever column 36 enabling vertical movement of the cantileverarms.

Now referring to FIG. 5, an exploded view of PS3 single surfaceplatform, wing sections and guardrails is illustrated. The singlesurface platform is segmented into two sections, a backrest section oruppermost section 14 and a lower section 16. In addition backrestsection wings 24 (2 shown) and a lower section wings 26 (2 shown) areillustrated. The backrest section and lower section of the platform areprovided with single surface to frame interfaces or hooks 50. The singlesurface platform is shown as frameless. However, a frame may beassociated with the platform. For example, a frame could completelyencircle the perimeter of the single surface platform or only extendalong both longitudinal edges of the platform.

FIG. 8 shows the PS3 platform and patient lowered fully onto the MRI bedplatform and locked into the self-guiding T-pins. The PS3 platform isreleased from the cantilever frame 32 at this stage. Note gap betweenthe frame to single surface interface or single surface supportingmember 40 and the single surface to frame interface or supporting memberengagement means 50, which allows for the removal of the frame. Due tothe design of the frame and hook components, the frame to single surfaceinterface 50 enables separation from the transport frame 32 withoutrequiring the frame to single surface interface hooks to drop below thesurface of the platform 12.

FIG. 10 illustrates an ability to complete the MRI test by traversal ofthe PS3, shown in mechanical engagement with the MRI bed, into the MRIdevice. Note that the self lock, quick-release hooks or single surfaceto frame interface 50 can be removed if necessary. It is understood thatto retrieve the patient for further transport/transfer, the above stepswill be reversed.

It is further noted that the unique design of the single surface toframe interface 50 on the single surface platform provides a secure,self-aligning interface between the PS3 platform 12 and the frame tosingle surface interface 40. The single surface to frame interface alsoallows quick release of the single surface platform 12 from the frame 32once the single surface platform is fully lowered onto another surface.

FIG. 11 shows an illustrative example of a PS3 single surface to frameinterface 50 using a hook style which is self aligning with thealignment and lateral location members 54 on the frame to single surfaceinterface 40.

FIG. 12 shows an alternative illustrative example of a central, upraisedalignment and lateral location member 56 on the frame to single surfaceinterface.

FIG. 13 is yet another illustrative example of a PS3 single surface toframe interface which depicts redundant transverse surfaces on the frameto single surface interface 58 for mating of the single surface to frameinterface 50 with the frame to single surface 58.

FIG. 14 shows an alternative embodiment of the PS3 single surface toframe interface wherein a receiver or “box” 52 is designed to encircleand self-align with a frame to single surface interface as shown in FIG.11. Alternatively, this design may be formed with an upper opening forreceipt of the central upraised surface of the arm of FIG. 12, in orderto make that coupling self-aligning as well.

FIG. 15 represents a perspective view of the PS3 segmented singlesurface, inclusive of segmented wing assemblies, removable singlesurface to frame interfaces or hooks and actuation handles 92.

FIG. 16 shows an embodiment which illustrates the PS3 single surfaceplatform 12 approaching a gurney 60. The gurney includes mating T-pinsfor affixing the PS3 single surface platform to the gurney, which arethe only additions/modifications required to the gurney to allow asecure interface with the PS3 single surface, thereby enablingdisengagement of the articulation inter-lock system 68. Engagement ofthe inter-lock system prevents the hinged portions of the framelessversion single surface from bending with respect to each other. Thuspermitting the frameless version single surface support platform to besupported only at each of the ends. Details regarding the secureinterface and articulation inter-lock follow in FIG. 18 to FIG. 27.

FIG. 17 illustrates the PS3 single surface platform with the backrestportion 14 elevated, such articulation only being enabled once the PS3single surface is securely mated to a surface like this wheeled gurneyvia positive engagement of the T-pins whereby the articulationinter-lock may be disengaged.

FIG. 18 is an underside view of the PS3 single surface platform havingthe articulation inter-lock system formed integral therewith andillustrates translation of the interlock plates via the four-bar linkage70 which is enabled upon engagement of interlock plate release lever(not shown) by the T-pins (not shown). Note the eccentric lever 76 or“articulation handle(s)” effective to operate the articulationinter-lock system and lever 92 effective to operate the inter-lock forthe wing assemblies.

FIG. 19 is an underside view of the PS3 single surface platform withoutwings and without the backrest section. This figure shows the inter-lockplates 78 and four-bar linkage 70. Rotation of the handle 76 in acounterclockwise direction moves the right inter-lock plate 78 towardthe left, which pushes bar 70 to the left. This action rotates four-barcenter link 72 clockwise, which pulls four-bar link 74 to the right.This moves the left inter-lock plate to the right thereby causes theinter-lock plates to move toward each other when the eccentric lever 76is rotated. Additionally, a backrest lock bar 88 (FIGS. 25 & 26) keepsthe frameless PS3 single surface platform rigid and flat when it issuspended and/or not properly supported by a mating surface underneathsuch as a gurney. The T-pin inter-lock keyhole 85 is illustrated whereinan internal taper surrounding the keyhole slot 85 provides aself-aligning feature.

FIG. 20 is a detailed isometric view of the inter-lock plate assembly 78showing the inter-lock plate rails 80 which are affixed to the PS3single surface platform. The inter-lock plate is in its open position,and the spring-biased inter-lock lever 82 is shown in its lowerposition, in inter-lock lever recess 84, which prevents movement ofinter-lock plate 78. Inter-lock plate is connected to four-bar link 70which moves another inter-lock plate 79. Inter-lock lever 82 is raisedupon insertion of the T-pin 86 or equivalent mating means, therebyenabling translation of the inter-lock plate about the mating device toretract the single surface locking pins (not shown) while simultaneouslyaffixing the single surface platform to the underlying support gurney,MRI/scanner bed, articulating transfer frame, or the like.

FIG. 21 is an isometric view of the underside of the PS3 inter-lockplate module 77, showing alignment of the T-pin 86 with the keyhole 85,by virtue of the tapered mating area by which a self-aligning utility isachieved, and also showing the small to large cross-sectional are ofeach which allows secure mating in all directions. Although the T-pin orinter-lock module securement element 86 is illustrated as being round,triangular, hexagonal, or the like shapes may be used effectively, solong as they generally embody a large cross-section versus small crosssection relationship that facilitates their mating together.

FIG. 22 illustrates the PS3 single surface platform inter-lock platemodule 77 with the T-pin 86 engaged in large end of keyhole 85. Notethat the inter-lock lever 82 is still below the top surface of theinter-lock ramp 83. The inter-lock plate 78 still cannot translatemotion to inter-lock plate 79 at this stage.

FIG. 23 illustrates further engagement of the T-pin with the inter-lockplate module 77 whereby the PS3 inter-lock lever 82 is now above theinter-lock ramp 83. At this stage, since the bottom of the PS3 singlesurface platform is resting on a mating surface such as a gurnie, theinter-lock lock plate can translate motion to the inter-lock plate 79(in the direction of the arrow shown in FIG. 20) as long as the otherinter-lock plate block 77 is disengaged in a similar manner.

FIG. 24 shows the PS3 inter-lock block 77 in its final locked positionas its opposing inter-lock plate is as well, whereby the PS3 Singlesurface platform is secure to its mating surface in all directions.Also, the Backrest lock bar 88 is retracted as shown in FIG. 27.

With reference now to FIGS. 25-27, as FIG. 25 is equivalent to FIG. 19,above which shows an underside view of the PS3 single surface platformwithout wings and without the backrest section. These figures shows theinter-lock plates and four-bar linkage, which causes the plates to movetoward each other when the eccentric lever is rotated (note that theeccentric lever could be flipped, the lock plates rotated 180 degreesand a flexure in the lock bar added like the knee gatch lock bar inwhich the lock plates would move away from each other). Additionally,the backrest tilt lock bar, which keeps the frameless PS3 single surfaceplatform “Rigid” and flat when it is suspended and/or not properlysupported by a mating surface underneath like, e.g. a stretcher. Thedocking/mating means (T-pin) interlock is illustrated wherein aninternal taper surrounding the keyhole slot provides a self-aligningfeature.

FIG. 26 shows the PS3 eccentric articulation handle 76 (Lock/UnlockHandle) rotated 90 degrees counter clockwise causing translation of thetwo inter-lock blocks 77 toward each other (due to the four-bar linkage)to secure the PS3 single surface lower section to the mating surface andretraction of the backrest lock bar 88 as shown. (T-pins are not shownfor clarity, which would be required in position as shown above torelease the Interlock and allow translation.)

FIG. 27 further illustrates the PS3 eccentric articulation handle 76rotated 180 degrees counter clockwise causing translation of the twointer-lock blocks 77 toward each other to their final locked locationand the backrest lock bar 88 completely withdrawn. (T-Pins not shown forclarity, which would be required in position as shown above to releasethe Interlock and allow translation of the Lock Plates.)

FIG. 28 illustrates the PS3 single surface platform provided with abackrest portion 14, a lower portion 16 and a wing system 22.

FIG. 29A is illustrative of one embodiment of a PS3 wing lock assembly90, illustrating a quick lock and release actuation handle 92. Theactuation handle 92 is eccentrically mounted such that counterclockwiserotation moves lock actuation pin 94 in an upward direction. Theactuation pin 94 moves lateral lock bars 96 in an outwardly horizontaldirection engaging wing lock pins 98 (the inner pins are no longer lockpins, but alignment and vertical load support pins). The lateral lockbars and the lock pins have tapered profiles (not shown) to assist theirengagement. The engagement of the lock pins 98 by the lateral lock barssecures the wings to the single surface platform. The lateral lock barsare spring loaded to return them to their unlocked position when thelock actuation pin 94 disengaged them and retracts.

FIG. 29B is illustrative of the wing abutting the single surface priorto the lock being engaged.

FIG. 30 illustrates engagement of the PS3 lock. Actuation handle 92 hasbeen rotated clockwise to its locked position. The eccentricity of theactuation handle moves the lock actuation pin 94 upwardly which actuatesa set of lateral lock bars 96. The short wing lock pins provideadditional support of the wing with respect to the single supportplatform thereby locking the wings securely onto the single supportsurface platform.

FIG. 31 shows an embodiment of the PS3 wing which is self-locking intothe PS3 single surface platform. The figure shows hand access cutoutsfor release levers to retract self-locking catches 104. Alignment pins105 provide vertical load support and alignment to the single surface.The number of alignment pins 105 may vary as required, for example oneor more may be added in the middle of the wing.

FIG. 32 illustrates a transparent view of a PS3 wing including handaccess apertures 100 for release levers 102 to retract self-lockingcatches 104. Alignment pins 105 provide vertical load support andalignment with the single surface platform 12. A detailed depiction ofthe two-stage release lever and self-locking catch mechanism and theT-Slot for mounting auxiliaries is set forth below.

FIG. 33 illustrates a modular auxiliary block 108 having a push-buttonrelease mechanism coupled to a self-lock catch, having a pair of lockingtabs which are spring biased to a locked position, but can be deflectedto enable insertion into the T-slot 62 of the PS3 single surfaceplatform or wing to enable self-locking therewith. It is noted that apassive part could also be utilized for appending to the T-slot, forexample a T-pin (analogous to the T-nuts used in the machining industryfor fixturing/clamping items to a T-slot surface) having a threaded nutwhich could be tightened to form a secure connection, or tightening ofthe tension lock lever style cam.

FIGS. 34 and 35 illustrate one embodiment of an auxiliary block designshowing an external isometric view (FIG. 34) and transparent orthogonalview (FIG. 35) respectively. FIG. 34 illustrates shows push buttons 110which interact with an internal spring biasing means (not shown) havingtapered surfaces which act upon the catch tips 112 to close and releasethe catch when the push buttons are pressed inward. An auxiliary pole isinserted into the auxiliary block 108 through aperture 114. Theauxiliary pole is then supported adjacent the single surface platform.FIG. 35 illustrates stepped holes 116, 118 and 120 which are designed toaccept various auxiliary pole diameters and sizes.

FIG. 36 is an perspective view of the auxiliary block of FIG. 35 whichillustrates the inclusion of stepped holes to accommodate multiple polediameters

FIG. 37A is a perspective view of an alternative embodiment of theauxiliary block illustrating a self-locking modular auxiliary block 122.The auxiliary block is adapted to engage a T-slot 62 on the side of awing or single surface platform. Release lever 124 activates both catchtips 112 and auxiliary pole lock 126 as further illustrated in FIG. 37B.

FIG. 37B is a cross sectional view of the auxiliary block of FIG. 37A,illustrating the internal design of the single lever, dual purposerelease lever 124 and self-locking auxiliary pole lock 126. The releaselever 124 may be moved to a first position, to the left in FIG. 48,which permits auxiliary pole lock 126 to disengage and auxiliary poleand provide for removal of the auxiliary pole. Subsequently the releaselever 124 is moved to a second position which disengages theself-locking catch tips 112 from the T-slot 62 of the PS3 single surfaceplatform or wing.

FIG. 38 is a view of a preferred embodiment of PS3 auxiliary block 128showing a release lever 130. A self-locking catch 134 is engagable withthe PS3 T-Slot design in the wing or PS3 single surface for mating theauxiliary block 128 and PS3 wing or PS3 single surface. The frontsurface of the auxiliary block nose 134 is tapered to permit selfalignment with a mating surface such as a T-slot. The release lever 130also operates a auxiliary pole lock 136 which secures and auxiliary poleto the auxiliary block.

FIG. 39 illustrates the auxiliary block 128 of FIG. 38 in position toengage the T-Slot 62 in the PS3 single surface platform or wing.

FIG. 40 illustrates the auxiliary block 128 of FIG. 38 locked into theT-Slot 62 in the PS3 single surface platform or wing. The taperedself-locking catches 112 are biased in the outward “locked” position butself-retract upon engagement with the T-slot (due to the tapers) andthen “spring” back into locked position once fully engaged into theT-slot as depicted in this figure.

FIG. 41 illustrates a modified T-slot 62 in the PS3 single surface orwing, which includes cutouts 138 with vertical surfaces to securelylocate the auxiliary blocks laterally or along the length of the slot,and further depicts tapers for self-alignment laterally and vertically.

FIG. 42 illustrates the PS3 auxiliary block release lever which canrotate to engage a conical ramp 106 on the self-locking catch 104 forself-lock into PS3 single surface or wings. The aperture 107 in therelease handle engages the conical ramp thereby causing the self-lockingcatch ends to move toward each other and release from the T-Slot on theedge of a single surface or wing. The conical ramp feature 106 on theself-locking catch 104 allows any orientation of the self-locking catchalong its horizontal axis, as illustrated further in FIG. 43. Theself-locking catch is formed as a spring or living hinge.

FIG. 43 additionally illustrates the functioning of the PS3 auxiliaryblock release lever and auxiliary catch. Note the self-locking catch 104is rotated 90 degrees from the prior figure. This orientation is the oneused for the single surface wing self-locking catch mechanism. Thisorientation could also be used for a “horizontal” version of theauxiliary block, for example.

FIG. 44 shows a PS3 auxiliary lock ring 140 with a spline on the side tomate with the auxiliary block 128 and insure they go together properlyfor the self-locking auxiliary pole lock 136. It also shows a patientsafety strap 142 in position to mate to the auxiliary block.

Now with reference to FIG. 45, an embodiment of the PS3 auxiliary lockring 140 is illustrated as it begins to engage the “locked” positionbiased auxiliary pole lock 136. The lock ring is provided with a slot oraperture 144 into which auxiliary pole lock 136 can move to secure thelock ring to the auxiliary pole. Note, a standard auxiliary pole can fitinside the lock ring to allow accommodation of both the patient safetystrap and an auxiliary pole.

FIG. 46 is the next step wherein the PS3 lock ring is shown starting toengage the auxiliary pole lock 136 to force it to “unlock” prior toself-returning into the slot 144 in the lock ring. Although not hereindepicted, it is understood that the engaging leading edges of theauxiliary poles, lock ring and receiving holes' top edges in theauxiliary block may be tapered to aid self-alignment as used throughoutthe PS3 design.

FIG. 47 illustrates the final step wherein the auxiliary pole lock hasself-returned and is fully engaged with the auxiliary block. Theauxiliary pole lock 136 is shown in aperture 144 thus securing the lockring to the auxiliary block.

FIG. 48 is illustrative of positioning of the release lever 130 of thePS3 auxiliary block showing a first phase of staged release. In thisfigure, the auxiliary pole lock 136 has completely disengaged the slot144 in the lock ring to allow removal of auxiliary poles and lock ring.In addition, the release lever 130 has just started to engage theself-locking catch ramps 106 of the self-locking catch 134. Note,kinematics are key to allow staged process and proper engagement betweenthe release handle and catch. In addition, the kinematics of the releaselever rotation must be correct to properly engage both the top andbottom of the catch.

With reference to FIG. 49, the PS3 auxiliary block is illustratedshowing the second phase of staged release. The release handle 130 hasengaged the self-locking catch ramps 106 enough for the catch tips 112to completely retract. (Note catches are not shown retracted).

FIG. 50 is a front isometric exploded view of a PS3 auxiliary trayassembly 146 which includes: an auxiliary tray, two auxiliary blocks(self-locking assemblies) 128, two lock rings 140 to lock the assemblytogether and an auxiliary pole, which fits inside the lock ring and issecure in the auxiliary block.

Referring to FIG. 51, a rear isometric exploded view of the PS3auxiliary tray assembly 146 is provided, which shows the same elementsas those in FIG. 50 as well as a support pin 148 to support heaviervertical loading in the auxiliary tray.

FIG. 52 is a front isometric view of the auxiliary tray assembly in anassembled condition shown in FIG. 50 and FIG. 51.

FIG. 53 is a side view of the PS3 single surface platform 12 (in ahorizontal position), frame to single surface interface arms 50 and anew pivot center 40 for one frame to single surface interface arm. Thepivot center allows rotation of the frame to single surface interfacearms to compensate for the reduction in the horizontal distance(X-Direction) between the two frame to single surface interface armpairs when the PS3 single surface platform is placed in a Trendelenburg(tilted) position.

FIG. 54 is a side view of the PS3 single surface platform in aTrendelenburg (tilted) position in which the frame to single surfaceinterface arm, on the left has rotated about its pivot centeraccordingly to compensate for the reduction in the horizontal distancebetween the two single surface to frame interface centers.

FIG. 55 is an isometric view of the PS3 single surface platform in aTrendelenburg (tilted) position in which the frame to single surfaceinterface arm 40, on the left has rotated about its pivot centeraccordingly to compensate for the reduction in the horizontal distancebetween the two single surface to frame interface centers. Note a roundinterface between the frame to single surface arms and the singlesurface to frame interface hooks is still required for Trendelenburg(full bed tilt) as shown.

FIG. 56 is a top isometric view of a three segment base PS3 singlesurface platform without the articulation inter-lock system 152 andsingle surface to frame interface hooks. Labeled specifically are thesingle surface backrest or uppermost section 14, the single surface midor middle section 20 and the single surface knee gatch or lowermostsection 18 with hinged interface/joints therebetween. The constructionof this single surface platform would likely be of a composite exteriorshell utilizing, for example structural foam, honeycomb, balsa wood,etc. for core for stiffness to weight, X-Ray translucency andnon-magnetic (MRI) compatibility. The T-Slots would likely be extrudedor machined in plastic and sandwiched in the composite shell. Allaspects of the PS3 single surface platfoiin design facilitate the use ofnon-ferrous materials. This rigid backboard mode is intended for justthat, a backboard, to facilitate usage by the EMS.

FIG. 57 is a bottom isometric view of the base three segment PS3 singlesurface platform without the articulation inter-lock system and singlesurface to frame interface hooks. Labeled specifically are the recesses150 for the articulation inter-lock system.

FIG. 58 illustrates a top isometric view of the three segmentself-contained articulation inter-lock module system. This figure andFIG. 63 through FIG. 66 show the same basic inter-lock mechanisms andinclude therein the self-contained articulation system itself and theaddition of lock and unlock for the knee gatch section.

FIG. 59 illustrates a bottom view of the base three segment PS3 singlesurface platform without the articulation inter-lock system 152 andmodule retainer plates. It shows a portion of the single surfacebackrest portion and the single surface knee gatch and all of the singlesurface mid portion. It also again highlights the pivot centers hingedinterface/joint between the single surface backrest portion and singlesurface mid portion and the hinged interface/joint between the singlesurface mid portion and single surface knee gatch section. FIG. 59further illustrates the spring loaded tilt/bend lock tubes 154. Thetilt/bend lock tubes that translate longitudinally are shown normallyspring loaded in position to “lock out” or prevent any tilting orbending of the three segments maintaining a single flat surface. Spring158 provides the bias to hold the tilt/bend lock tubes in this position.The spring could be a non-ferrous coil design or a composite ornon-ferrous leaf spring as is the case for anything of the“spring-loaded” mechanisms in PS3. Also shown are tips 156 on thetilt/bend lock tubes which contact specific points on the articulationinter-lock system to retract the lock tubes. When the self-containedarticulation system 152 is inserted into the apertures 150 in the singlesurface platform (FIG. 57) the top edge and the stepped edge of thearticulation system engage the tips 156 of the tilt/bend lock tubes 154and push the tubes upwardly (FIG. 59) disengaging the connection betweenthe backrest portion and mid portion and also between the mid portionand the knee gatch. The self-contained installed articulation interlockmodule takes “control” of locking out the articulation of the backrestand knee gatch joints prior to the complete retraction of the locktubes. The articulation inter-lock module self-locks into place via thesame self-lock catch and release mechanisms described throughout PS3.

FIG. 60 is an isometric view of the tilt/bend lock tube 154 includingtip 156.

FIG. 61 represents an end view of the PS3 single surface platformwithout the articulation inter-lock system and single surface to frameinterface hooks. Shown are the horizontally staggered tips 156 of thetilt/bend lock tubes that interface the articulation inter-lock system.Note, tips of the tilt/bend lock tubes could be alternatively staggeredvertically. This figure also illustrates the apertures 202 forattachment of the extension on the single surface to frame interface.

FIG. 62 is a top isometric view of the base three segment PS3 singlesurface platform without the articulation inter-lock system, but withthe single surface to frame interface hooks. Cross bars 160 are providedbetween the hooks and can be used as a handle or receiver for theinterface hooks.

FIG. 63 is a top view of the three segment separable self-containedarticulation inter-lock system 152 shown in FIG. 58 with the mechanismsin the locked position. Backrest lock bar 88 locks the mid portion tothe backrest portion. Knee gatch lock bar 162 locks the mid portion tothe knee gatch such that the three single surface platform segments arenot allowed to bend at the hinge joints.

FIG. 63 through FIG. 66 show the same basic inter-lock mechanisms asdescribed in the document in FIGS. 18 through 27 of the detaileddescription overview with the following additions involving theinter-lock system itself and the addition of lock and unlock for theknee gatch segment. The first addition is comprised of the knee gatchlock bar 162 for the knee gatch segment and a corresponding hinge lockbar. Note, these figures initially show the four bar member and lock barin position such that the segments cannot articulate. In addition, thesefigures show surfaces which contact the tips on the tilt/bend lock tubein FIG. 59 and FIG. 60. This interface and significance is described infurther detail below in FIG. 67 and FIG. 68.

FIG. 64 is a top view of the three segment articulation inter-locksystem with the mechanisms in the unlocked position. The three segmentsand corresponding single surface platform portions are allowed to bendat the hinges. This figure now shows the elements positioned such thatthe portions can articulate. The hinge joint of the single surfaceplatform is aligned with the hinge joint of the articulation inter-locksystem to allow this articulation along with full retraction of the kneegatch lock bar 162. A simple revolute hinge can be used at the hingejoint, however, a spherical joint could be used as well to allow forsome misalignment of the hinge axis or a flexible coupling/joint. Use ofthis same design provides an ability to add segments and add hingejoints to the corresponding four bar mechanism such that the additionaljoints align with the new segment joint when the entire mechanism is inthe unlock position. T-pins, although required to unlock the interlockplate module, are not shown in these figures.

FIG. 65 is directed toward a zoomed in top view of the alignment betweenhinge joints on the articulation inter-lock system and the singlesurface platform, which ultimately allows articulation of the singlesurface knee gatch portion with respect to the mid portion.

FIG. 66 is a bottom view of the complete self-contained articulationinter-lock system 152.

FIG. 67 is a bottom view of the articulation inter-lock system 152sliding/docking into the PS3 single surface platform and just beginningto engage the tips of the tilt/bend lock tubes. The stagger of the lowerinterface is required to properly engage the tilt/bend lock tubes. Asillustrated, the tilt/bend lock tubes are in their baseline positionwhich is maintained by the four springs 158, thereby locking the threesegment PS3 single surface platform into one flat surface at this point.

FIG. 68 is a bottom view of the articulation inter-lock system 152 inits final position in the PS3 single surface platform in which it hasfully retracted the tilt/bend lock tubes beyond the hinge joints. Atthis point the articulation inter-lock system 152 controls articulationof the PS3 single surface platform joints. As described earlier, theinter-lock plate modules cannot be released without the two requiredT-Pins (mated to a separate surface like a gurney) engaged into theinter-lock plate module. Therefore, the articulation inter-lock systemwill always be in the locked configuration (no articulation of PS3Single Surface joints allowed) while docking or removing thearticulation inter-lock system. In addition, the four springsautomatically force the four tilt/bend lock tubes back into a position,which securely locks out articulation of the hinge joints. Therefore,this design combination allows rapid installation and removal of thearticulation inter-lock system without the chance of accidentallyallowing articulation of the PS3 single surface platform hinge joints.

FIG. 69 is a bottom view of the assembled PS3 single surface platform(14, 18, 20), articulation inter-lock system and single surface to frameinterface hooks 50.

FIG. 70 illustrates a top isometric view of a complete PS3 singlesurface wing assembly. The wing is provides with three support pins 174which provide additional support between the wing and the platform. Alsoan eccentric tension lever 168 is shown which will be described later.

FIG. 71 is a bottom view of the complete PS3 single surface wingassembly highlighting the inclusion of the wing catch/tension/releasemodule 166 (FIG. 72), which comprises a pair of self-locking catchmechanisms and release levers joined by a bar 172. There could also be asingle mechanism at the center of the wing for a wing of a shorterlength.

FIG. 72 is an enlarged top view of the wing catch/tension/release module166 highlighting the parts thereof which include the eccentric tensionlever 168, and the tension bar 170. The eccentric tension lever is shownin the “locked” position. Tension bar 170 is eccentrically mounted tothe eccentric tension lever and connected to bar 172 connecting thecatch mechanisms. Movement of the tension bar 170 by actuation of thetension lever 168 causes translation of the wing catch/tension/releasemodule relative to the wing body itself due to the offset or eccentricnature of the pivot center versus the outer radius or cam profile of thetension lever 168. The tension bar 170 is threaded into the wingcatch/tension/release bar 172, which allows for adjustment of thetension of the wing to the single surface platform side.

FIG. 73 is a top isometric view of one of the wing catch/tension/releasemodule elements. A release handle 102 engages the ramped portion 106 ofthe self-locking catch 104 thereby retracting catch the self-lockingtips 112 from engaging the T-slots in the in single surface platform orwings.

FIG. 74 is a bottom view of the complete PS3 single surface wingassembly with the eccentric tension lever 168 in the unlocked position.Note the gap between the wing catch/tension/release module and the wingitself and compare it to the gap in FIG. 75.

FIG. 75 is a bottom view similar to FIG. 74 of the complete PS3 singlesurface wing assembly with the eccentric tension lever 168 in the lockedposition. Note that the gap between the wing catch/tension/releasemodule and the wing itself has closed as the catch/tension/releasemodule is moved upward. This relative movement upward causes theself-locking catches to pull the wing tight into the single surfaceplatform side. Note this same tension and release system could be usedon the prior described auxiliary block assemblies if desired.

FIG. 76 represents an end view of the self-locking catch. The back sideedge of the tips 112 are angled rearward from vertical, which contactsthe vertical mating surface on the T-Slot on the single surface platform(the prior design showed this surface to be purely vertical). Therearward angle means the tip 112 of the self-locking catch will contactthe T-slot before its base does and will provide a more secure lock intothe T-Slot. This back angle will cause the self-locking catch tips tolock/bite into the T-Slot when the eccentric tension lever 168 islocked, which will not allow one to release the wing with the releaselevers until the eccentric tension lever is unlocked.

FIGS. 77A and 77B illustrates a side view of an “External” engagement ofa standard rectangular or square bed/stretcher/gurnie rail 178 byinwardly projecting self-locking catch tips 176 of auxiliary block 122.

FIG. 78 is a standard gurnie which could utilize the “External”engagement self-locking catch auxiliary design shown above in FIGS. 77Aand 77B.

FIG. 79 is an isometric view of another alternative single surfaceplatform rail 180 which provides for “External” engagement of the tipsof auxiliary block.

FIG. 80 is an isometric view of the preferred “Internal” engagement of aself-locking catch auxiliary block 122 aligning to mate to analternative standard rail design 180 with a slot or appropriately sizedthrough hole.

FIG. 81 is an isometric view of the preferred “Internal” engagement of aself-locking catch auxiliary block 122 mated to an alternative standardrail design 180 with a slot or appropriately sized through hole.

FIGS. 82A and 82B illustrate a side view of alternative types of mounts182, 184 for self-locking catch designs. FIG. 82A depicts a “rigid”mount for the self-locking catches 182 in which the catch itself mustflex/act as a living hinge. FIG. 82B depicts a pivot mount for theself-locking catches 182 in which the catch is spring-loaded.

FIG. 83 illustrates an isometric view of an auxiliary block assembly 122mating to a lateral lock version of the T-Slot 162. This figure shows anauxiliary block with a longer “Nose” that fits into the apertures 186 (5shown) at the back wall of the T-Slot. This mate improves the verticalload carrying ability of the auxiliary block and lateral lock.

FIG. 84 is an isometric view of the standard PS3 T-Slot with slots 188at the back wall of the T-slot for then nose of the auxiliary block.Note this is a separate piece of the standard PS3 T-Slot that can beplaced anywhere (MR1, PS3 Frame, separate rack, a wall, etc. toaccommodate PS3 wings, guardrails and auxiliaries when not assembled tothe PS3 single surface platform. The same holds true for the laterallock PS3 T-slot of FIG. 83.

FIG. 85 is an enlarged view of FIG. 84 illustrating a taper on theleading edge of the T-slots. This taper assists with the self-alignmentof an auxiliary block or another wing section.

FIG. 86 is a top isometric view of the auxiliary block 122 showing indetail the four flats-90 degrees apart configuration of the PokeYoke190. This configuration allows four orientations of the pole and iseasier from a manufacturing standpoint. Note, this also shows theauxiliary pole lock 136.

FIG. 87 is a bottom isometric view of the auxiliary lock ring 140 withthe four flats-90 degrees apart PokeYoke with corresponding slots 144for the auxiliary pole lock. The Poke Yoke insures 140 mates to 122properly always resulting in a self-lock mate with pole lock 136.

FIG. 88 is an isometric exploded view illustrating the relationship ofthe auxiliary block 122, the auxiliary lock ring 140 and the bottom ofthe auxiliary pole 66.

FIG. 89 is an isometric view of the PS3 single surface platformincluding the addition of guardrails 192, which mount into the PS3T-slot with the same self-locking catch mechanism as the auxiliaryblocks and wings. The guardrails further include a PS3 auxiliary T-slotmounted thereon, and further illustrate the use inclusion of auxiliaryT-slots 198 mounted to the frame 32.

FIG. 90 represents an isometric view of the above illustrated PS3 singlesurface platform approaching an MRI device in which auxiliary T-slots198 are placed on the side of the MRI bed platform to attach the PS3wings and guardrails. The guardrails would be placed in the upperT-slots on the MRI platform to provide additional patient safety. Theseauxiliary T-slots could be mounted horizontally as shown or vertically.

FIG. 91 is an isometric view of the PS3 single surface to frameinterface hooks 50 adapted for inclusion of the same basic self-lockcatch mechanism as the auxiliary block and wings (see FIGS. 92 and 93)by the addition of extensions 200. They are released from the PS3 singlesurface platform with a push button as shown attached to the extension.The push buttons are preferably positioned on the inside of the singlesurface to frame interface extensions to help prevent accidentalrelease. They could also be placed on both inside and outside or justoutside.

FIG. 92 is a zoomed isometric view of the single surface to frameinterface hooks provided with the self-catch mechanism releasepushbutton 204 and inserted into the PS3 single surface platform.

FIG. 93 is a bottom view of the PS3 single surface platform with arecess for the single surface to frame interface hook self-catchmechanism 204 to provide a secure mate of the single surface to frameinterface hooks to the single surface platform.

FIG. 94 is a bottom view similar to FIG. 93 showing the retraction ofthe single surface to frame interface hooks self-catch mechanism 204 toallow removal of the single surface to frame interface hooks when thebuttons are pushed in this manner.

FIG. 95 is an isometric view of the PS3 single surface platformillustrating an air mattress 206 in a deflated condition on top, andcovering the entire surface.

FIG. 96 illustrates an isometric view of the PS3 single surface platformwith wings and without the deflated air mattress on top. Hinge 208 isprovides between the backrest portion and the mid portion of the PS3single surface. Hinges 212 are provided between the corresponding wingsattached to these surfaces. Hinge 210 is provided between the midportion and the knee gatch of the single surface. Hinges 212 areprovided between the corresponding wings attached to these surfaces.Note, there could be an innumerable number of wing width optionsdepending on the specific application.

FIG. 97 is a perspective view of another embodiment of the singlesurface platform to frame interface wherein the interface members 214are straight and project outwardly from the single surface platform. Acrossbar 216 connects these interface members (these could not be usedto interface with the frame, but would function strictly as handles) andpermits the interface member to be utilized as a handle or attachmentmember to the frame.

FIG. 98 is a perspective view of the hook shaped single surface platformto frame interface hooks 50 provided with a crossbar 216.

FIG. 99 is an exploded view of a handle assembly 218 and sleeve 220which are insertable into the crossbar 216 to provide carrying handles.The sleeve 220 is provided with a longitudinal slot 224 and verticalslots 226 for the reception of pins 222 of handle assembly 218. Thispermits the distance that the handle assembly protrudes from thecrossbar 216 to be adjusted. The hinge joint in the handle allows forangular orientation adjustment for the user's comfort as well as theability to straighten and store away in the crossbar 216. Note optionaldetent features (not shown herein) may be positioned near the top of theslots 226 to “snap/lock” the pin 222 into when rotated into position.

FIG. 100 is an alternative mechanism for attaching the handle assemblyto the sleeve. Self catch mechanism 228 is mounted in the handleassembly. Apertures 230 and 232 are provided in sleeve 220. The tabs ofthe self catch mechanism 228 are engagable with the apertures 230 and232 thereby enabling the distance that the handle assembly extends fromthe sleeve to be adjusted.

FIG. 101 is a side view of the sleeve 220 illustrated in FIG. 100.

FIG. 102 is a side view of the handle assembly 218 and sleeve 220illustrating the relationship of the self catch mechanism 28 andapertures 230 in the sleeve.

FIG. 103 is a side view of the self catch mechanism of FIG. 102 eitherrigidly fixed and required to flex or a pivot and spring-loaded.

FIG. 104 is a side view of an alternative embodiment of an auxiliaryblock provided with a tension lock 234 in the unlocked position.

FIG. 105 is a view similar to FIG. 104 with the eccentric tension lockin its locked position. The tension lock lever is moved upwardly to itsvertical position. This action moves the tension lock to the leftwhereby the self-locking catch is also moved to the left. This providesan additional force to secure the auxiliary block to the T-slot of thewing or single surface platform and does not allow one to release theauxiliary block from the wing or single surface via the release handlewhen tension lock lever 236 is locked.

FIG. 106 is a side view of the PS3 assembly provided with push/pullfolding handles 238, which are used to move and position the PS3assembly, in their inoperative position.

FIG. 107 is a side view of the PS3 system of FIG. 106 with the push/pullhandles 238 in their operative position.

FIG. 108 is a partial view of the push/pull handles and PS3 frameillustrating the hinge pin 242 about which the handles pivot. Also shownis the self-locking latch 240 which holds the handles in their operativeor inoperative positions.

FIG. 109 is a partial side view of the ends of the push/pull handlesprovided with telescoping extensions 244.

FIG. 110 is a top plane view of the PS3 single surface platformincorporating an upper body portion hinged to a mid portion which ishinged to a knee gatch portion. Separate wing sections 24, 30 and 28 areattached to the respective portions of the single surface platform.Hinges are illustrated on the single surface platform and the lower wingsections.

FIG. 111 illustrates an internally mounted adaptor plug 246 for anauxiliary pole.

FIG. 112 illustrates an externally mounted adaptor plug 248 for anauxiliary pole.

FIG. 113 illustrates an alternative, triangular shaped T-pin.

FIG. 114 illustrates transfer/transport frame 252 which is analternative embodiment of transfer/transport frame 32. The newadditional frame elements shown in FIG. 114, which are described in thefollowing, enable the following additional functions: in PS3 framearticulation of the frameless single surface backrest and kneegatchjoints, complete reversal of the cantilever with or without the PS3single surface in place, equal access to either transverse side of theframe during all situations except surface transfer and additionalsingle surface support to minimize binding/friction during docking ofthe articulation inter-lock module 152 while the frameless singlesurface is supported in the PS3 frame. Articulation of the backrestincline and knee gatch within the PS3 frame as well as the ability toprovide equal access to both sides of the single surface while in thePS3 frame, except during surface transfer, eliminates the need for aseparate supporting surface and elimination of the need for storage ofthe PS3 frame during patient convalescence or otherwise. Frame 252includes frame lower legs 256 positioned at each end of frame 252. Acollapsible/extendable lower cross member 260, extends between andconnects the frame lower legs 256. Cross member 260 iscollapsible/extendable to compensate for large horizontal distancechanges required between support columns 254 during in framearticulation of the backrest and knee gatch joints as shown in FIG. 115,while maintaining interface between arms 258 and single surface to frameinterface member 50. Maintaining the arm 258 to single surface to frameinterface member 50 during articulation of these joints addssupport/stability and reduces the function required from the innersupport assemblies 262 and 264. For example, member 266 in FIG. 115would not require engagement/actuation of the backrest section forbackrest articulation and/or Trendelenburg if the main single surface toframe interface members 258 are engaged as described. One of the frameinterface members 258 still utilize the pivot 40 to accommodate smallhorizontal distance changes for pure Trendelenburg and reverseTrendelenburg. The lower cross member 260 is in telescoping engagementwith said legs 256, as well as traversing said legs in a lateraldirection, wherein said cross member 260 is movable from one side ofsaid frame 256 to another in which the wheels' 46 rotation are locked tofacilitate this traverse of the cross member 260. Simply the lateralmovement of the cross member 260 to a mid position lengthwise of legs256 allows equal access to either side of the single surface while inthe PS3 frame in all situations other than those transfers requiring thecantilever function. The cantilever columns 254 are each telescopinglyengaged with said legs 256, as well as being rotatable and translatablein a manner effective to rotate the support members 258 180° in responseto translation of said columns from a first side of said frame 252 tothe other side thereof. Rotation of said support members 258 permits thesingle surface platform to remain aligned with the lower legs 256,thereby preventing the frame from becoming unstable and reversing thecantilever in concert with the traverse of cross member 260. This allowscorrect orientation of the patient to transfer surface within the PS3frame dependent on which side of a surface for transfer has clear accesswithout having to disengage and engage the single surface and patient onanother surface to re-orient. The bottom large square column 254 whichinterfaces 256 remain fixed in orientation about its vertical axis andcylinder 278 allows a rotational degree of freedom and is mated topinion 279 which repeatability automates rotation during translation andproper final orientation of arms 258 depending on the end positioned onthe leg 256. Reversing the cantilever with the single surface andpatient in place requires the usage of the inner support columnassemblies 262 and 264 in which the single surface platform is raised toa position above the tops of assemblies 262 and 264. Further includedare telescoping, rotatable and longitudinally adjustable supports 262,264 which are engageable with, and support said single surface supportplatform. Each of said adjustable supports 262, 264 are provided with amating means assembly for selectively enabling reversible engagementwith and adjustment of the single surface support platform, the matingmeans assembly being comprised of pivoting support member 266,adjustable extension 268 and mating means 270. A pivoting support member266 is mounted above each adjustable support 262,264, each saidsupporting member 266 being vertically adjustable and rotatable. Eachsaid supporting member 266 further including adjustable extensions 268which are provided with mating means, e.g. T-pins, 270 for enablingreversible engagement with the single surface support platform, in avariety of configurations. For example, when rotated 90 degrees, theT-pins 270 will provide mating engagement with coupling elements285,286, as illustrated in FIG. 69. Support columns 274 enable verticaladjustment and rotation of said support members 266 with respect tosupport columns 272. Columns 272 slidably engage lower cross member 260via column mounting elements 276. The next step in cantilever reversalinvolves the cross member 260 and assemblies 262 and 264 which arepositioned in a mid leg 256 position so the assemblies 262 and 264 arepositioned below the lateral center of the single surface. Subsequently,the inner support assemblies 262 and 264, which are slidably engaged oncross member 260, are positioned longitudinally below the self-aligningkeyhole recesses 285 and 286 in FIG. 69. In the process of thislongitudinal positioning of inner support assemblies 262 and 264, theyautomatically rotate 90 degrees via the same basic method as describedfor translation and rotation of arms 258 except modified for 90 degreerotation instead of 180 degrees. Next, the arms 268 are retracted orextended to allow T-pins 270 to align with the large end of the keyholes285 and 286. Then, the single surface is lowered onto the currentvertically oriented and locked T-Pins 270, via the frame top singlesurface interface arms 258, which mate in the large end of the keyholes285 and 286. Next, the arms 268 retract to securely mount and supportthe single surface by the assemblies 262 and 264. At this point, thearticulation interlock module 152 could be easily removed or installedin the frameless single surface as described earlier. Finally, theassemblies 262 and 264 raise the single surface off of the singlesurface to frame interface arms 258 and allow the cantilever reversal ofarms 258. Then the arm 258 and assemblies 262 and 264 engagement isreversed to return the single surface loading to arms 258 and allow thecantilever reversal completion via movement of the cross member 260 andits corresponding assemblies 262 and 264 to the end of the legs 256 inwhich the columns 254 now reside. Description of the PS3 frame 252backrest and knee gatch articulation of the frameless single surfacefollows. Like the cantilever reversal process the first step forbackrest and knee gatch articulation involves the single surfaceplatform positioning above the tops of assemblies 262 and 264 via thearms 258. Once again cross member 260 and assemblies 262 and 264 aremoved to a mid leg 256 position so the assemblies 262 and 264 arepositioned below the lateral center of the single surface as well as theproper longitudinal position to mate one of the T-pins 270 sets onassembly 262 or 264 to the articulation interlock module keyholes 85large end. The resultant assembly 262 or 264 to be engaged to the singlesurface is raised above the non-engaging assembly 262 or 264. The singlesurface is lowered onto the intended T-pins 270 via the frame to singlesurface aims 258 and the single surface articulation handle 76 isrotated accordingly to lock into T-pins 270 as described earlier andrelease the backrest and knee gatch joint articulation. This lockinginto the T-pins releases a separate inter-lock to allow the rotation ofthe crossbar 266 about its pivot on 274 as well as the T-Pins abouttheir pivot on the telescoping arms 268. The telescoping arms 268 cannow retract to cause knee gatch articulation as shown in FIG. 115 inwhich T-Pins 270 only can rotate about the pictured pivot away fromtheir telescopic arms 268 to force proper articulation of the knee gatchdue to a mechanical stop between the T-pin 270 mount and the telescopicarms 268. The frame to single surface arms 258 can remain engaged in thesingle surface to frame interface hooks 50 via proper automated andactuated vertical adjustment of the arms 258 and horizontal retractionof the telescopic cross member 260. Backrest incline and combinations ofTrendelenburg and Reverse Trendelenburg are also feasible throughcoordinated vertical movement of arms 258 and engaged assembly 262 or264.

FIG. 115 illustrates articulation of the single surface platform aboutthe articulating joints, permitting movement of the backrest incline andknee gatch with respect to the mid-section. Single surface to frameinterface hooks remain attached to either end of said single surfaceplatform whereby engagement with said frame supporting arm may beeffected.

FIG. 116 is illustrative of a rack and pinion mechanism 282 designed toinsure coordinated movement of the frame supporting arm 258 and framecantilever column 254. As illustrated, upon initiation of lateralmovement of the frame cantilever column 254, follower cam 281 begins totraverse across the width of frame lower leg 256, wherein gear 280engages rack 284, providing rotation of frame supporting arm 258 in acoordinated fashion so as to effect a rotation of 180° upon completionof the traversal of said frame lower leg 256 by said frame cantilevercolumn 254. Follower cam 281 engagement with cam profile 283 postrotation insures and maintains proper orientation of pinion 279 andresultant orientation of frame supporting arms 258. Pinion 279 isattached directly on the rotational center of the cylinder 278 or offsetand connected via gears, belts and pulleys, etc. In an alternativeembodiment pinion 279 could be connected to column 254 and eliminate theseparate cylinder 278. This cooperation of elements providesreversibility of the orientation of the frame and cantilever arms whilein place.

All patents and publications mentioned in this specification areindicative of the levels of those skilled in the art to which theinvention pertains. All patents and publications are herein incorporatedby reference to the same extent as if each individual publication wasspecifically and individually indicated to be incorporated by reference.

It is to be understood that while a certain form of the invention isillustrated, it is not to be limited to the specific form or arrangementof parts herein described and shown. It will be apparent to thoseskilled in the art that various changes may be made without departingfrom the scope of the invention and the invention is not to beconsidered limited to what is shown and described in the specification.One skilled in the art will readily appreciate that the presentinvention is well adapted to carry out the objects and obtain the endsand advantages mentioned, as well as those inherent therein. Anydevices, methods, procedures and techniques described herein arepresently representative of the preferred embodiments, are intended tobe exemplary and are not intended as limitations on the scope. Changestherein and other uses will occur to those skilled in the art which areencompassed within the spirit of the invention and are defined by thescope of the appended claims. Although the invention has been describedin connection with specific preferred embodiments, it should beunderstood that the invention as claimed should not be unduly limited tosuch specific embodiments. Indeed, various modifications of thedescribed modes for carrying out the invention which are obvious tothose skilled in the art are intended to be within the scope of thefollowing claims.

What is claimed is:
 1. A single surface system useful for continuoussupport, transfer and treatment of an individual throughout a pluralityof medical environments and procedures comprising: a primary singlesurface having a longitudinal axis and a lateral axis; a single surfacetransport and transfer frame constructed and arranged for reversibleengagement with said primary single surface; and at least one singlesurface-to-frame interface means for effecting reversible engagement ofsaid primary single surface and said frame; each said single surface toframe interface means including (1) a single surface supporting memberin adjustable engagement with said frame, and (2) supporting memberengagement means constructed and arranged for self-aligning reversibleengagement with said supporting member; whereby engagement of saidsingle surface-to-frame interface means results in reproduciblepositioning of said primary single surface upon said frame with respectto both the longitudinal and lateral axes of said primary singlesurface.
 2. The system of claim 1 wherein said primary single surfaceincludes: an uppermost section and an adjacent section flexibly joinedto at least one articulation means positioned therebetween; and at leastone locking means for reversibly enabling articulation about saidarticulation means; whereby articulation of said uppermost and adjacentsections of said primary single surface is permitted by positioning ofsaid locking means from a first locked position to a second articulationenabling position.
 3. The system of claim 1 wherein said primary singlesurface includes an uppermost section, a middle section, and a lowermostsection, positioned adjacent to one another, each said section beingflexibly joined to an articulation means positioned therebetween; and atleast one locking means for reversibly enabling articulation about eachsaid articulation means; whereby articulation of each said sections ofsaid primary single surface is permitted by positioning of each saidlocking means from a first locked position to a second articulationenabling position.
 4. The system of claim 1 wherein each said singlesurface supporting member is constructed and arranged for verticaladjustment with respect to said frame; whereby horizontal positioning,vertical positioning and angular positioning of said single surface isenabled.
 5. The system of claim 1 wherein each said single surfacesupporting member is constructed and arranged for rotational andtranslational adjustment with respect to said frame; whereby theposition of each said single surface supporting member is reversible. 6.The system of claim 1 further including at least one removably attachedextension element effective for incremental width adjustment of saidprimary single surface.
 7. The system of claim 6, further including atleast one inter-lock assembly constructed and arranged to precluderelease of said extension element from said matable receiving surface.8. The system of claim 1, wherein said primary single surface isconstructed and arranged to include at least one matable receivingsurface coextensive with a lateral edge thereof, which surface isadapted to receive at least one auxiliary component therein, wherebyuniversal and infinitely adjustable engagement of a plurality ofauxiliary components is enabled.
 9. The system of claim 8 wherein eachsaid extension element is matable with said primary single surface orwith another of said extension elements by way of said at least onematable receiving surface.
 10. The system of claim 9, wherein each saidextension element includes at least one matable receiving surfacecoextensive with a lateral edge thereof, which surface is adapted toreceive at least one auxiliary component therein.
 11. The system ofclaim 1 further including at least one auxiliary block assemblyeffective for reversible attachment of auxiliary components to saidsystem, including a first means for releasable engagement with a matablereceiving surface and a second means for releasable engagement with anauxiliary pole or an auxiliary locking ring.
 12. The auxiliary block ofclaim 11 wherein said first means for releasable engagement includes atleast one release mechanism coupled to a self-lock catch; said self-lockcatch having at least one locking tab which provide positive lockingengagement when inserted within said matable receiving surface, and isdeflected by operation of said release mechanism to enable retractionfrom said matable receiving surface.
 13. The auxiliary block of claim 11wherein said second means for releasable engagement include a steppedholed design to accommodate multiple pole/interface sizes.
 14. Theauxiliary block of claim 11 wherein said second means for releasableengagement includes an auxiliary pole lock.
 15. The auxiliary blockassembly of claim 14, wherein said first means for releasable engagementwith a matable receiving surface and said second means for releasableengagement with an auxiliary pole further include a locking elementincorporating a two-stage quick release feature; wherein said two-stagequick release feature is constructed and arranged to releasably engagesaid auxiliary pole lock when moved to a first release position, and isconstructed and arranged to releasably engage said matable receivingsurface when further moved to a second release position.
 16. Theauxiliary block assembly of claim 11, further including at least oneinter-lock assembly constructed and arranged to preclude release of saidauxiliary block assembly from said matable receiving surface.
 17. Theauxiliary block assembly of claim 15, further including at least oneinter-lock assembly constructed and arranged to preclude operation ofsaid two-stage quick release feature, whereby inadvertent release ofsaid auxiliary block assembly from said auxiliary pole or said matablereceiving surface is prevented.
 18. The single surface system of claim2, further including an articulation inter-lock module adapted forreversible engagement with said single surface; said articulation moduleincluding articulation inter-lock blocks incorporating therein couplingmeans adapted for reversible engagement with corresponding mating meansaffixed to a mating surface; said articulation inter-lock blocks beingin mechanical engagement with an articulation inter-lock modulesecurement means, said inter-lock module securement means being operableto convey each of said articulation inter-lock blocks from a couplingorientation to a locking orientation subsequent to positive couplingwith each said mating means; whereby conveyance of said articulationinter-lock blocks to a locking orientation is effective to providerelease of said locking means, thereby enabling articulation of eachsingle surface section about said articulation means.
 19. Thearticulation inter-lock module of claim 18, wherein said coupling meansare self-aligning about said mating means.
 20. The system of claim 1wherein said primary single surface is associated with framing means.21. The system of claim 1 wherein said primary single surface furtherincludes an air mattress.
 22. The system of claim 11 wherein each saidmeans for releasable engagement is self-aligning.
 23. The system ofclaim 8 wherein said matable receiving surface includes self-aligningfeatures.
 24. The system of claim 1, wherein said single surfacetransport and transfer frame includes: a pair of frame lower legspositioned at opposite ends of said frame; a collapsible/extendablelower cross member, extending between and connecting said frame lowerlegs, thereby effecting telescoping engagement of said frame lower legs;said collapsible/extendable lower cross member further engaging saidframe lower legs in a manner effective to enable traversal of said lowercross member laterally across said legs; a cantilever column intelescopic engagement with each said frame lower legs, said cantilevercolumn further effecting both rotatable and translatable engagement ofeach said single surface supporting member with each said frame lowerlegs; at least one telescoping, rotatable and longitudinally adjustablesupport, which is constructed and arranged for engagement with saidsingle surface support platform, wherein each said adjustable support isprovided with a pivoting support member mounted thereabove, each saidpivoting support member being constructed and arranged for selectivevertical and rotatable adjustability; each said supporting memberfurther including adjustable extensions which are provided with a matingmeans assembly for selectively enabling reversible engagement with andadjustment of the single surface support platform; wherein said crossmember is movable laterally across said frame from one side of saidlower frame legs to another, and rotation of said single surfacesupporting member is enabled.
 25. The system of claim 24, furtherincluding: a mechanism constructed and arranged to provide coordinatedmovement of the single surface supporting member and frame cantilevercolumn; wherein lateral traversing movement of the frame cantilevercolumn across the width of the frame lower leg causes rotation of thesingle surface supporting member in a coordinated fashion so as toeffect a rotation of 180° upon completion of traversal of said framelower leg by said frame cantilever column.
 26. The system of claim 24,further including: a mechanism constructed and arranged to providecoordinated movement of the inner support column assembly and slidablyengaged cross member; wherein longitudinal positioning of the innersupport column assembly along the length of said slidably engaged crossmember causes rotation of the inner support column in a coordinatedfashion so as to effect a rotation of 90° by said inner support column.27. A single surface system useful for continuous support, transfer andtreatment of an individual throughout a plurality of medicalenvironments and procedures comprising: a primary single surface havinga longitudinal axis and a lateral axis; said primary single surfaceincluding at least one matable receiving surface coextensive with alateral edge thereof, which surface is adapted to receive at least oneauxiliary component therein; said primary single surface furtherincluding an uppermost section and at least one adjacent sectionflexibly joined to at least one articulation means positionedtherebetween, and at least one locking means for reversibly enablingarticulation about said articulation means; said primary single surfacefurther including an articulation inter-lock module adapted forreversible engagement with said single surface and includingarticulation inter-lock blocks incorporating therein coupling meansadapted for reversible engagement with corresponding mating meansaffixed to a mating surface, said articulation inter-lock blocks beingin mechanical engagement with an articulation inter-lock modulesecurement means, which inter-lock module securement means is operableto convey each of said articulation inter-lock blocks from a couplingorientation to a locking orientation subsequent to positive couplingwith each said mating means; a single surface transport and transferframe constructed and arranged for reversible engagement with saidprimary single surface; at least one single surface-to-frame interfacemeans for effecting reversible engagement of said primary single surfaceand said frame; each said single surface to frame interface meansincluding (1) a single surface supporting member in adjustableengagement with said frame, and (2) supporting member engagement meansconstructed and arranged for self-aligning reversible engagement withsaid supporting member; wherein each said single surface supportingmember is constructed and arranged for vertical adjustment with respectto said frame to enable horizontal positioning, vertical positioning andangular positioning of said single surface; and whereby engagement ofsaid single surface-to-frame interface means results in reproduciblepositioning of said primary single surface upon said transport andtransfer frame with respect to both the longitudinal and lateral axes ofsaid primary single surface; and conveyance of said articulationinter-lock blocks to a locking orientation is effective to providerelease of said locking means, thereby enabling articulation of eachsingle surface section about said articulation means.